Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

English Language and Literature > English Knowledge Organiser Pg 20-21 > Flashcards

English Knowledge Organiser Pg 20-21 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

noun phrase

A

A group of words built around a noun

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

verb phrase

A

A group of words built around a head (main) verb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

head word

A

The main noun in the phrase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pre-modifier

A

A word that goes before the head noun to add detail or clarify some aspect of it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

qualifier

A

An additional word or phrase that adds some further detail to the noun

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

post-modifier

A

A word that comes after the head noun to add detail or clarify some aspect of it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

primary auxiliary verb

A

An auxiliary verb that joins with the main verb to show tense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

modal auxiliary verb

A

An auxiliary verb that joins with a main verb to show the degree of commitment towards an event or person that a speaker holds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

clause

A

Groups of words centred around a verb phrase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

coordination

A

The joining of two clauses that gives them equal weighting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

subordination

A

The joining of two clauses that gives one clause (the main clause) more weighting than another clause – or clauses (the subordinate clause(s))

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

adverbial clause

A

A subordinate clause that functions as an adverbial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

noun clause

A

A subordinate clause that functions as a subject, object or complement (e.g. She was saddened by what she had read)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

active voice

A

Agent in subject position for prominence; verb phrase in present or past tense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

passive voice

A

Agent omitted or placed later in the clause using a prepositional phrase; verb phrase changes to a form of to be + participle form (verb root + en/ed)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ortographic sentence

A

A ‘sentence’ marked by a capital letter and full stop but containing no verb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

phonetics

A

The area of study that is concerned with how sounds are actually produced by language users

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

phonology

A

The area of study that refers to the more abstract sound system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

prosodics

A

The study of how speakers can shape meanings through emphasising certain aspects of intonation, speed and volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

international phonetic alphabet (IPA)

A

A system for showing the different sounds possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

heterophones

A

Words that have the same spelling but very different pronunciations and meanings (e.g. tear)

22
Q

homophones

A

Words that are pronounced the same but have a different meaning and may have different spellings; e.g. there and their

23
Q

articulators

A

The vocal organs above the larynx, including the lips, teeth, tongue and hard palate that help to form consonant sounds

24
Q

diphthong

A

A vowel sound that is the combination of two separate sounds, where a speaker moves from one to another (e.g. cloud)

25
Q

sound iconicity

A

The matching of sound to an aspect of meaning

26
Q

consonance

A

A pattern of repeated consonant sounds for effect

27
Q

assonance

A

A pattern of repeated vowel sounds for effect

28
Q

sibilance

A

A pattern of repeated fricative sounds, especially /s/, for effect

29
Q

lexical onomatopoeia

A

Words that have some associated meaning between their sound and what they represent

30
Q

non-lexical onomatopoeia

A

‘Non-words’ that nonetheless are intended to signify some meaning through their sound (e.g. sss)

31
Q

phonological manipulation

A

Making creative changes in sound patterns to give certain effects

32
Q

minimal pair

A

Two words that differ in only one single sound

33
Q

layout

A

The physical organisation of a text

34
Q

iconic sign

A

A sign or image that is a direct picture of the thing it represents

35
Q

symbolic sign

A

A sign or image where an associated meaning is drawn from some shared degree of knowledge

36
Q

typographical feature

A

A feature related to the use of fonts in texts

37
Q

multimodal text

A

A text that relies on the interplay of different codes (e.g. the visual and the written) to help shape meaning

38
Q

embodied knowledge

A

Knowledge that is associated with memories of physically experiencing something, for example the sights and smells of visiting a city

39
Q

schema

A

A bundle of knowledge about a concept, person or event

40
Q

co-text

A

Other words or phrases surrounding a word in a text

41
Q

cooperative principle

A

The general principle that people work together to communicate

42
Q

conversational maxims

A

Explicit principles that provide a backdrop for conversation to take place so that speakers can easily understand one another

43
Q

implicature

A

An implied meaning that has to be inferred by a speaker as a result of one of the maxims being broken

44
Q

positive face need

A

A universal human need to feel valued and appreciated

45
Q

negative face need

A

A universal human need to feel independent and not be imposed upon

46
Q

face threatening act

A

A speech act that has the potential to damage someone’s self-esteem either in terms of positive or negative face

47
Q

politeness strategies

A

Distinctive ways in which speakers can choose to speak to avoid threatening face

48
Q

deixis

A

Words that are context-bound and whose meaning depends on who is using them, and where and when they are being used

49
Q

deictic categories

A

Types of deictic expressions (person, spatial and temporal)

50
Q

proximal deixis

A

Deictic expressions that refer to concepts, events or people close to the speaker

51
Q

distal deixis

A

Deictic expressions that refer to concepts, events or people at a distance from the speaker

English Language and Literature (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions