English Knowledge Organiser Pg 18+

Question 1

Word Class/Part of Speech

Answer 1

A group of words that fulfil the same kind of role and function in speech and writing

Question 2

Noun

Answer 2

A word that names a thing or concept

Question 3

Verb

Answer 3

A word that shows a state of being, action or concept

Question 4

Adjective

Answer 4

A word that modifies a noun

Question 5

Adverb

Answer 5

A word that modifies a verb, adjective or another adverb

Question 6

Pronoun

Answer 6

A word that substitutes for a noun

Question 7

Determiner

Answer 7

A word that adds detail or clarity to a noun

Question 8

Preposition

Answer 8

A word that shows connections between other words often showing a sense of place or time

Question 9

Conjuction/Connective

Answer 9

A word that connects larger structures such as phrases, clauses and sentences

Question 10

Semantic Field

Answer 10

A group of words related to the same subject

Question 11

Collocates

Answer 11

Words that typically appear together

Question 12

Synonym

Answer 12

A word that has equivalent meaning to another word

Question 13

Euphemism

Answer 13

A more socially acceptable word or phrase

Question 14

Dysphemism

Answer 14

Using a blunt or direct word instead of a more polite or indirect alternative, close to taboo

Question 15

Antonym

Answer 15

Words that have opposite meanings

Question 16

Hyponymy

Answer 16

The way of viewing the relationship between more general and specific words

Question 17

Metaphor

Answer 17

A structure that presents one thing in terms of another

Question 18

Morphology

Answer 18

The study of word formation

Question 19

Syntax

Answer 19

The study of how words form larger structures such as phrases, clauses and sentences

Question 20

Descriptive

Answer 20

Taking an approach to language study that focuses on how language is actually used

Question 21

Prescriptive

Answer 21

Taking an approach to language study that focusses on rules and notions of correctness

Question 22

Root

Answer 22

A morpheme that can stand on its own and can usually form a word in its own right

Question 23

Suffix

Answer 23

A morpheme that comes after a root word to modify its meaning

Question 24

Prefix

Answer 24

A morpheme that goes before a root word to modify its meaning

Question 25

Affix

Answer 25

The overall term for an addition to a root (a prefix or a suffix) to modify its meaning or create a new word (CF. infix: an affix inserted inside a root word to create a new word or modify its meaning (e.g. abso-blooming-lutely))

Question 26

Inflectional Function

Answer 26

The way that an affix shows a grammatical category such as a verb tense or a plural noun

Question 27

Derivational Function

Answer 27

The way that an affix helps form a new word by attaching itself to a root

Question 28

Noun Phrase

Answer 28

A group of words built around a noun

Question 29

Verb Phrase

Answer 29

A group of words built around a head (main) verb

Question 30

Head Word

Answer 30

The main noun in the phrase

Question 31

Pre-modifier

Answer 31

A word that goes before the head noun to add detail or clarify some aspect of it

Question 32

Qualifier

Answer 32

An additional word or phrase that adds some further detail to the noun

Question 33

Post-modifier

Answer 33

A word that comes after the head noun to add detail or clarify some aspect of it

Question 34

Primary Auxiliary Verb

Answer 34

An auxiliary verb that joins with the main verb to show tense

Question 35

Modal Auxiliary Verb

Answer 35

An auxiliary verb that joins with a main verb to show the degree of commitment towards an event or person that a speaker holds

Question 36

Clause

Answer 36

Groups of words centred around a verb phrase

Question 37

Coordination

Answer 37

The joining of two clauses that gives them equal weighting

Question 38

Subordination

Answer 38

The joining of two clauses that gives one clause (the main clause) more weighting than another clause – or clauses (the subordinate clause(s))

Question 39

Adverbial Clause

Answer 39

A subordinate clause that functions as an adverbial

Question 40

Fixed Expression

Answer 40

A well-used group of words that become accepted and used as one long structure