English history Flashcards
The Celts
2500 yrs
Celtic tribes from europe
Spread all over the isles
Celtic/ gaelic language
Roman britan
A.D 45- Romans invaded britan and stayed for 400yrs
Founded first cities- Londonium
Built Hadrians wall (controll the celts-120km)
The Anglo Saxons
Early fifth century romans left
England raided by anglo saxons
Anglo- England
Now they were english- language
The Vikings
AD 793
Terror raids on britan
Vikingships- coastlines
Danes and norwegians- got assimilated
The Norman Conquest
Decendant vikings, settled in north france
In 1066 Duke william the conquerer beat Harold godwinson in the battle of hastings
Bulit strong federal system
The Magnacarta
norman kings built a strong state- The king had extensive powers and noblemen were afraid that he would abuse them. King John were unpopular.
1215 A charter was written and noblemen forced john to sign the charter guaranteeing their rights and priveledges.
The Reformation
King henry the 8 reformed the church from chatolism into anglicanism, his wife Chaterine of aragon coudnt give him any sons, so he wanted to divorce.
Huge conflict
He had six wives later
The golden age
Arts flourished- William shakespare
Shipis voyaged over the atlantic
Trade and colonisation
Queen elizabeth 1
The Industrial revolution
Wooltrade-> cottagebased textile industry 14-15th century.
18th century- invention of powerdriven machinery.
early factories- running water
1782– steam engie machine james watt
Raw materials from the empire
Rapid urbanisation
prosperd economy
the british empire
1700s Colonial area- new world (west indies) and asia Thirteen colonies Taxation w/o representation Sugar and tobacco- goods
The Victorian era
1837-1901
Empire on wich the sun never sets
A series of inventions and social reforms
–> became wealthy and influencial UK richest and most powerful country in the world:
Industrial revolution, Sanitation, the great stink, the sewer system, Transport and housing (Bicycle, tyre, asphalt, postboxes and stamps)
The suffraggetes
Were members of women’s organisations in late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Right to vote in public elections
Advocating womens rights
WW1 The start
Athmospere were good, thought they easily would win
Recruitment posters hung up
1961 battle of some- 623000 died in a couple of days
WW1- fighting and conditions
Entente (France, russia, usa, Britam and norway)
VS::::::::::::::::: Central (Germany, Austro-hungarian empire, ottomanempire)
Spark: shooting of franz ferdinand
Fighting in open fields in Northern france and belgim
Heavy machine guns, trenchwars, gas attacks, horrible conditions, diseases.
ww1- End and effects
Entante powers win Soliders shell shocked (PTSD) The treaty of versailles- germanys falut The Roaring 20' great depression Women in work WW2 Soviet union
Dulche et decorum est
Wilfred owen
Its sweet and honorable to die for your country
Buildup and start of WW2
Causes- hyper inflation, germany poor- hitler promised to make great again
Nazism
Expanded the militairy- Navy and airforce (luftwaffe)
The start of the war
- sept 1940 germany roll their tanks into poland
1940 invasion of belgium frqance, netherlands and norway
Dunkirk
Evacuation of british expeditory force
198000 british and 140000 french and beligian troops were saved
The blitz
Germany had a plan to invade britan
Started attacking surveillance and industrial targets
Massive air attacks
Luftwaffe vs. R.A.F
The battle of britan
R.A.F defended the uk against large scale attacks by luftwaffe
First miliairy campaign fought entirely by airforce
D-day
The battle of normandy from june 1944- august 1944
American, British and canadian forces landed on beaches along frances normandy
Mislead the germans to their targets
Aftermath of ww2
Potsdam treaties 1945 USA VS SOVIET UNION Germany split Rebuilding europe soviet blocade in 1948 1961 berlun wall You know this
Winston churchill
PM from 1940-1945
Moving speeches, not a nice guy, a man for the job
Lead people throuht thougt times
