English Civil War Flashcards
(30 cards)
Who is Charles I?
King of England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland in 1625
What is the divine right of Kings?
The belief that monarchs were chosen to rule by God and should never by challenged
What is personal rule?
Monarch ruling without parliament
What is ship money?
A tax for upkeep of the navy initially paid by people living by the coast, then paid by everyone under personal rule
What is the court of star chamber?
The King’s personal court which was used to force nobles to pay for titles
What is the prayer book in Scotland?
Charles I tried to force a more catholic prayer book on Scotland
What is the attempted arrest of 5MPs?
Charles I tried to arrest 5MPs in 1642 but they escaped and this destroyed any trust between King and Parliament
What caused Charles I problems as King (religion)?
In 1625, Charles married a Catholic although he was the head of the Protestant
Charles allied England with Spain - a Catholic country
Charles supported Catholics and Protestants
What caused Charles I problems as King (money)?
Charles spent a lot of money on himself/his friends
In 1626 Charles spent money on military failures
What caused Charles I problems as King (power)?
Charles believed in the divine right of Kings and rejected Parliament
In 1642 parliament made 19 propositions which Charles rejected
Charles set up a court with no jury and his friend as the judge
When was ship money introduced?
1635
When was the attempted arrest of 5MPs?
4th January 1642
When did the English civil war start?
22nd August 1642 when Charles raised his royal standard at Nottingham
Who supported Charles I?
Nobles, landowners and Catholics
Where and when was the first major battle of the civil war?
October 1642 at Edge Hill
What was the New Model Army?
A well trained military unit where soldiers were promoted based on ability not rank
When was the New Model Army installed?
February 1645
When and were was the first major defeat for Charles I?
Marston Moor in 1644
When and where was Charles I’s fatal defeat?
Naseby on 14th June 1645
When did Charles I surrender?
24th June 1646
Who did Charles surrender to?
The Scots
Where and when was Charles I imprisoned?
30th January 1647 at Carisbrooke castle on the Isle of Wight
When and where was Charles defeated for the 2nd time?
Preston in August 1648
When and where was Charles tried and executed?
Westminster hall January 1649
Executed 30th January 1649