Empires

Question 1

Definition of empire?

Answer 1

A group of countries ruled over by a single leader/ruling power

Question 2

Definition of colony?

Answer 2

A country ruled over by an empire

Question 3

Definition of trade?

Answer 3

Exchange of goods with the empire in mind, more trade = more wealth

Question 4

Definition of mercantilism?

Answer 4

A country protects its own trade

Question 5

Definition of patriotism?

Answer 5

A love of one’s country - fuelled by symbols like flags or anthems

Question 6

Definition of imports?

Answer 6

Good brought into the country

Question 7

Definition of exports?

Answer 7

Good sold to another country

Question 8

Definition of consumer?

Answer 8

Someone that buys + uses goods

Question 9

What was the Atlantic slave trade?

Answer 9

Trading of slaves in a triangle from Europe to Africa to America then back

Question 10

What was stage 1 of the slave trade?

Answer 10

Europe to West Africa. Europe trades cloth, metal, guns, alcohol for slaves

Question 11

What was stage 2 of the slave trade?

Answer 11

Middle Passage - West Africa to the Americas

Question 12

What was stage 3 of the slave trade?

Answer 12

Americas to Europe - Europeans take sugar, tobacco, rum, cotton, coffee

Question 13

Why did Britain trade slaves?

Answer 13

Money, new goods, slaves for unwanted jobs, demand for new things

Question 14

What was Benin like before Europeans?

Answer 14

Very developed, organised government, law courts, guilds, wealth, skilled metalworkers, trade of sugar, ivory, slaves

Question 15

How did the slave trade effect Benin (power)?

Answer 15

Benin wasn’t colonised, no sea control

Question 16

How did the slave trade effect Benin (wealth)?

Answer 16

Lots of wealth, division of Africa

Question 17

How did the slave trade effect Benin (military)?

Answer 17

Militarised society, European military alliances

Question 18

How did the slave trade effect Benin (society)?

Answer 18

Depopulation, split between slave traders/owners + slaves

Question 19

How did the slave trade effect Benin (racism)?

Answer 19

Africans were seen as subhuman

Question 20

What was India like before British rule (trade)?

Answer 20

Well established trade routes with lots of tradeable resources

Question 21

What was India like before British rule (religion)?

Answer 21

Religious tensions, dependent on emperor for excepted religion

Question 22

What was India like before British rule (power)?

Answer 22

Unstable with the Mughals losing power and India divided with rebellion making it easy to invade

Question 23

When was the East India company founded?

Answer 23

1599

Question 24

What was India like in 1599?

Answer 24

A group of small states with their own rulers

Question 25

Why were tensions between Britain and France high because of India?

Answer 25

France's and Britain's respective East India Companies were fighting for trade

Question 26

What happened in 1700 between the French and British East India Company?

Answer 26

A full scale war

Question 27

What deal did the British make with Indian rulers to help trade?

Answer 27

Help any ruler who protected British trade and destroy any ruler who blocked their trade

Question 28

What happened in 1757?

Answer 28

Robert Clive convinced an Indian general to help him overthrow the ruler of Bengal.

Question 29

What year did Britain take control of Bengal?

Answer 29

1757

Question 30

What happened to Robert Clive after Britain took control of Bengal?

Answer 30

He was seen as a ruler and was sent to rule Bengal and took many more Indian states under British rule and defeated the French

Question 31

By the 1850s how much of India was ruled by Britain?

Answer 31

60%

Question 32

How did Britain change India?

Answer 32

Banned traditional ceremonies, installed the British education system

Question 33

Why did British rule increase in India before 1857?

Answer 33

Commerce to conquest - when trade was threatened Britain would step in to solve them which increased their influence French - Britain was threatened by France's East India Company so Britain forced France out

Question 34

What happened in 1857?

Answer 34

The Sepoy Mutiny

Question 35

When did the sepoy mutiny happen?

Answer 35

1857

Question 36

What is a mutiny?

Answer 36

A rebellion of soldiers/sailors against authorities

Question 37

What is a sepoy?

Answer 37

An Indian soldier serving under British rule

Question 38

Why did Britain take direct control of India?

Answer 38

Failure of the East India Company, India was the jewel in the crown

Question 39

Why did the sepoys revolt (mainly)?

Answer 39

religion

Question 40

Why did the Sepoys revolt (religion)?

Answer 40

Beef and pork fat was used to grease guns which is against Hindus and Muslims. Missionaries tried to convert people and reverend Jennings believed all 'false' religions should be eliminated

Question 41

Why did the sepoys revolt (economic)?

Answer 41

High taxes, poor sepoy wage/pensions/service terms/promotion opportunities

Question 42

Who was Ghandi?

Answer 42

The spiritual leader who led the peaceful movement for Indian independence

Question 43

Why was Ghandi's protests effective?

Answer 43

A violent response would make Britain the villain

Question 44

What happened when Ghandi visited London?

Answer 44

The people of London found they related more to Ghandi than their rulers

Question 45

How did British rule effect India economically?

Answer 45

Negative - less trade, British companies favoured Positive - Infrastructure, mining

Question 46

How did British rule change India in terms of agriculture?

Answer 46

Positive - more fertile land Negative - cash crops

Question 47

How did British rule change India politically?

Answer 47

Negative - Indians couldn't vote

Question 48

How did British rule change Indian society?

Answer 48

Negative - British imposed, culture disappears Positive - education