English attack Flashcards
a different time
Związek Frazeologiczny
An age which is not the current period in which we are living
Back in the Middle Ages, women had many obligations and few rights. It was a different time, things have changed a lot since then.
a while
Związek Frazeologiczny
A long time
We should go to the cinema tonight. It’s been a while since I’ve seen a good movie.
A-list
Określenie Slangowe
The most prestigious category of celebrity; the celebrities that organizers of events and parties invite first, in the hope that they will accept. If not enough of this category accepts invitations, the B-list is invited, then the C-list, and finally the
Only A-list celebrities were invited to the Oscars after party.
about to
Słownictwo
(adverb)
właśnie
On the point of; soon going to happen
Please stop telling me that sad story. I am about to cry, and I really don’t want to.
accessible
Słownictwo
(przymiotnik)
dostępny, przystępny, łatwy, dosiężny, dosięgalny
Easy to relate to or understand
This material isn’t accessible to the regular Joe at all. Look at all the jargon it uses in its text.
acknowledge
Słownictwo
(czasownik)
uznać, przyznać, potwierdzać, honorować
To recognize, to pay attention to
I hope that my boss will acknowledge all the hard work that I have been doing this month.
arrested
Słownictwo
(przymiotnik)
aresztowany, zatrzymany
Detained by force by the police
As soon as the bank robber came out of the bank, the police arrested him.
authentic
Słownictwo
(przymiotnik)
autentyczny, prawdziwy, niefałszywy
Genuine; original; real
Is this an authentic Rolex watch, or just an imitation?
baker
Słownictwo
(noun)
piekarz
Someone whose job it is to make and sell bread and other flour-based products, such as pastries and cakes
I had almost finished my shopping, I just needed to stop by the baker to buy two loaves of whole-wheat bread.
barrier
Słownictwo
(rzeczownik)
bariera, przegroda, zapora, szlaban, ogrodzenie, przegródka, barykada, zagroda, rampa
Something or someone that stops or blocks something from happening
This lack of trust is a barrier for the deepening and growth of their relationship.
beams
Słownictwo
(noun)
belka, promień, wiązka światła, nawój, pokładnik, bela, zasięg, rygiel, balansjer, fala kierunkowa, ramię wagi, balans, dyszel, łodyga, radosny uśmiech
(verb)
promieniować, nadać, opromieniać, świecić, promienieć, radośnie się uśmiechać, rozkwitać
Long, strong pieces of material used to support a building’s roof or floor
The roof of the old farm house was supported by massive beams make of solid oak.
better off
Słownictwo
lepiej
In an improved state or position
There is a lot of traffic on the roads today. You would be better off taking the underground today rather than your car.
bipolar
Słownictwo
(adjective)
dwubiegunowy
Swinging suddenly and violently from one mood to an opposite one
Many said that Laura had a bipolar personality. Some days she would be in a great mood, and some she would get mad at everybody.
birthday
Związek Frazeologiczny
(rzeczownik)
urodziny
The yearly anniversary of the day on which a person was born
Sally and I were born the same year, but her birthday is a week before mine, so I am slightly younger than she is.
blow your mind
Związek Frazeologiczny
Amaze or shock you
Doesn’t it blow your mind that Alex graduated from college when he was 12 years old?
broken heart
Związek Frazeologiczny
A state of extreme sadness, especially because of a failed romance
Calvin has been suffering from a broken heart ever since his girlfriend broke up with him.
broken-hearted
Związek Frazeologiczny
Extremely sad, especially because someone you love has died or left you
He was broken-hearted when she left him just days after the wedding.
bullet points
Słownictwo
A series of items arranged in list format, arranged in such a way for the sake of emphasis
Writing down what I have learned in bullet points after every chapter helps me retain the information that I just encountered.
butcher
Słownictwo
(rzeczownik)
rzeźnik, kat, oprawca, sprzedawca
(czasownik)
zarżnąć, rżnąć, zmasakrować, masakrować, mordować
Someone who professionally prepares and sells meat products, such as beef, pork, chicken and lamb
I love my butcher, he always gives me good advice on the best cuts of meat for any dinner I am preparing.
by law
Związek Frazeologiczny
(noun)
zarządzenie, przepis
Required or imposed by the government and legal system of a country
When you have a job, by law you have to pay taxes on what you earn.
cell
Słownictwo
(noun)
komórka, ogniwo, cela, bateria, elektrolizer, rozmnóżka
A small room in which a prisoner is locked up
By the time she was released, the prisoner had not been outside of her cell for three years.
challenging
Słownictwo
(verb)
kwestionować, rzucać wyzwanie, prowokować, wezwać, wymagać
Difficult, demanding; a tricky task or situation requiring much effort
John had the challenging task of organizing hundreds of loose sheets and documents in just a few hours.
chase
Związek Frazeologiczny
(czasownik)
ścigać, gonić, ganiać, wyklepać, kuć, przeganiać, łowić, gnać, polować, cyzelować, klepać
(rzeczownik)
pościg, pogoń, gonitwa, polowanie, rowek, obława, zwierzyna, łów, zdobycz, lufa, forma drukarska, myślistwo
To run after someone or something
I tried to chase the dog that stole my sandwich, but it was too fast for me.
cheated by
Słownictwo
oszukany przez
To be deceived by someone
Many workers at the office were cheated by the manager, who did not pay them their wages.
chimney
Słownictwo
(noun)
komin, wymurówka
A vertical outlet for smoke to emerge from a furnace or fireplace inside a structure to the outside
We can’t just have an industrial, factory-looking chimney coming out of the roof of our house! Let’s get a nice-looking brick one.
christening
Słownictwo
(rzeczownik)
chrzest, chrzczenie
A Christian ceremony where a baby is baptized and made a member of the church
A baby’s christening is a an important ceremony for Christian families. Relatives and family friends often celebrate it together with the child’s parents.
City Hall
Odniesienie Kulturowe
An expression meaning the mayor and senior politicians of a city
After a long debate, City Hall finally decided to install a new recycling program in the town.
closed
Słownictwo
(przymiotnik)
zamknięty, zamykany, nieczynny
Not open
Her eyes were closed, so I just assumed that she was asleep.
cold
Słownictwo
(przymiotnik) zimny, oziębły (przysłówek) zimno (rzeczownik) zimno, chłód, przeziębienie, mróz, oziębłość, zaziębienie, zakatarzenie
Quite harsh and unaffected by emotion; callous
Anne gave Maria a cold stare and walked away, without even answering her question.
come to an end
Związek Frazeologiczny
(verb)
zamknąć się
Finish; come to a conclusion
This situation cannot go on; it must come to an end sooner or later.
company
Słownictwo
(rzeczownik)
spółka, towarzystwo, kompania, grono, asysta, trupa, bractwo, państwo, brać, banda, asystowanie
The state or condition of spending time with another person
I would love it if you came to the movies with me. I could really use the company.
construction worker
Słownictwo
pracownik budowlany
Someone employed to work on a building site, helping to build a road, building or other large structure
You don’t often see a female construction worker. The work is often outdoors, can be dangerous, and involves considerable physical effort, so it is not ideal for most women.
consumption
Słownictwo
(rzeczownik)
spożycie, konsumpcja, spożywanie, suchoty, gruźlica, zniszczenie, strawienie
The eating or drinking (of something)
The consumption of too much sugar is bad for your health.
control
(czasownik)
kontrolować, sterować, regulować, kierować, zapanować, panować, zarządzać, pohamować, hamować, mieć władze, rozporządzać, rządzić, panować nad sobą
(rzeczownik)
kontrola, regulacja, panowanie, władza, ster, opanowanie, regulowanie, kierowanie, walka, wpływ, kierownictwo, reglamentacja, zarząd, władztwo, rządzenie, autorytet, naczelnictwo, pohamowanie, dysponowanie
(przymiotnik)
kontrolny, regulacyjny, sterowniczy, kierujący, sterowy
The ability to determine what will happen in a given situation
The children were shouting and jumping up and down on their desks. Their teacher had totally lost control of her class!
control
Słownictwo
(czasownik)
kontrolować, sterować, regulować, kierować, zapanować, panować, zarządzać, pohamować, hamować, mieć władze, rozporządzać, rządzić, panować nad sobą
(rzeczownik)
kontrola, regulacja, panowanie, władza, ster, opanowanie, regulowanie, kierowanie, walka, wpływ, kierownictwo, reglamentacja, zarząd, władztwo, rządzenie, autorytet, naczelnictwo, pohamowanie, dysponowanie
(przymiotnik)
kontrolny, regulacyjny, sterowniczy, kierujący, sterowy
The ability to decide how someone or something is going to act
He has no control over his emotions; that’s why it’s difficult to be with him sometimes.
conversation
Słownictwo
(rzeczownik)
rozmowa, konwersacja
Informal talk in a relaxed atmosphere among friends or people who know each other
Matt and Jenny were having a conversation about their favorite sports teams, so I decided to join them and tell them about mine.
cook
Słownictwo
(rzeczownik)
kucharz, kok
(czasownik)
ugotować, gotować, przyrządzać, piec, gotować się, fałszować, wysmażać
Someone whose job it is to prepare food for other people
The breakfast diner needed to hire a cook, especially one who could prepare eggs, bacon and sausages for many people very quickly.
crew
Słownictwo
(rzeczownik)
załoga, ekipa, zespół, obsługa, drużyna, banda, obsada w kajaku
Workers who operate a boat or sail a ship
The fisherman’s crew was hardworking and loyal; he knew he could count on them in any situation.
crisis
Słownictwo
(noun)
kryzys, przełom, przesilenie, krach
A time of intense trouble or difficulty
For European and North American democracies, World War II was a time of absolute crisis.
DJ
Określenie Slangowe
Abbreviation for ‘disc jockey’; the person who plays recorded music on the radio or at a party or club
I asked the DJ to play my favorite song at the club.
docket
Amerykański angielski
Słownictwo
(noun)
etykieta, kwit celny
A list of cases that have to be reviewed by the police or a judge
The judge had four cases on his docket to review this morning, all of them involving burglaries.
doctor
Słownictwo
(rzeczownik)
lekarz, doktor
(czasownik)
promować, leczyć
Someone who has qualified as a medical doctor, practices medicine and treats patients
The doors to the hospital operating room opened, and the doctor walked out towards me. “Johnny will be fine, he is weak now but he will make a full recovery,” she said, to my huge relief.
door
Słownictwo
(rzeczownik)
drzwi, brama, podwoje, nisza
(przymiotnik)
drzwiowy, bramowy
A barrier at an entrance to a building or room, which can open and close to allow or block entry
I want to get a bright red door for the front of the house, so that everyone can see how proud we are of our new home!
door frame
Słownictwo
(noun)
futryna, odrzwia
The opening and supporting structure in a wall where a door will be put in
The door you bought it way too big: it will never fit in the door frame where the door is supposed to go!
dreams
Słownictwo
(noun)
sen, marzenie, urojenie, mara
(verb)
marzyć, pomarzyć, śnić, zamarzyć, podumać, roić, prześnić, uroić sobie, zaroić, dośpiewać
Series of thoughts and images in a sleeping person’s mind
I had some very strange dreams last night; I dreamt I was an elephant!
dying for
Związek Frazeologiczny
Want something very much
I’m so thirsty, I’m dying for a glass of water.
electrical system
Słownictwo
Układ elektryczny
A network of wires and connections that supply and transfer power by electricity within a home or building
Today I am meeting with a local power company to discuss renovating the electrical system in my house.
elephant in the room
Związek Frazeologiczny
An expression meaning “the problem that no one wants to talk about”; in this video, Chief Bogo uses it literally to talk about a real elephant
I know no one wants to address the elephant in the room, but we have to discuss the big problems affecting our new prototype.
execution
Słownictwo
(noun)
wykonanie, egzekucja, przeprowadzenie, spełnienie, wypełnienie, kaźń, nadanie ważności, spustoszenie, zniszczenie
The killing of a person sentenced to death by a judge or tribunal
The last execution performed in France was in 1977, a few years before the country abolished the death penalty in 1981.
explode
(czasownik)
eksplodować, wybuchać, zdetonować, obalić, wysadzać w powietrze, detonować
In this context: to show a lot of positive excitement and energy
The concert audience of young teenaged girls is already quite excited, but they will absolutely explode when One Direction gets up on stage.
factory worker
Słownictwo
pracownik fabryki
Someone employed making things in a factory, usually via the operation of production machinery
The boss told the newly hired factory worker to be very careful around the production equipment, as it could be dangerous if she got her hand caught in any of the machines.
festival
Słownictwo
(noun)
festiwal, święto, obchód
(adjective)
obchodowy, świąteczny
A large event or celebration, often dedicated to a certain event or theme
There is an art festival in town tomorrow. It’s the perfect opportunity to see some real creativity.
fishmonger
Słownictwo
(noun)
sprzedawca ryb
Someone who sells fish and seafood from a specialized shop or store
As I love fish and seafood, I am lucky to have a great fishmonger living right across the street.
flying
Słownictwo
(przymiotnik)
latający, przelotny, lotny, lotniczy, rozwiany
(przysłówek)
z rozbiegu
Traveling through the air
We enjoyed watching the birds flying through the sky as if without a care in the world.
foundation
Słownictwo
(noun)
fundacja, podstawa, założenie, podkład, utworzenie, podbudowa, oparcie, podmurówka, ufundowanie, jałmużna
The part of a house or building that will support the weight of the entire structure, and usually built below ground level
If there is any issue with your house’s foundation, you will not be able to build on top of it. It has to be solid and safe.
frontier justice
Słownictwo
The kind of harsh handling of criminal matters by ordinary people in remote areas, outside of the legal system
By the time the sheriff arrived from the nearest town, frontier justice had already taken place: the accused murderer had been hung in the village square by the townspeople.
funeral
Słownictwo
(rzeczownik)
pogrzeb
(przymiotnik)
pogrzebowy, żałobny, pozgonny, karawaniarski
The ceremony mourning someone’s death and/or honoring their life once it is over
After he died, many friends of the old general attended the funeral, including all the officers he used to command.
generator
Słownictwo
(noun)
generator, wytwornica, prądnica, tworząca, sprawca
A machine that creates electricity for use in a home or building
With this new generator, we can have electrical power at home even when the local area’s power grid is shut off by the electricity company.
get ready
Związek Frazeologiczny
Prepare yourself
You need to get ready for our formal dinner. Please put on a nice shirt, comb your hair, and wash your hands.
got your tongue tied in knots
Związek Frazeologiczny
Makes you nervous or shy so that you are unable to speak or express yourself clearly
When Louise walks in the room, she’s got your tongue tied in knots. Do you have a crush on her?
gruelling
Słownictwo
(adjective)
wyczerpujący, wymagający wysiłku
Very difficult and exhausting
After six gruelling weeks of physical training, the commando recruits were ready for weapons instruction.
guilty
Słownictwo
(przymiotnik)
winny, nieczysty, karygodny
Responsible for a crime
The jury found Matt to be guilty of theft, and the judge sentenced him to three months in prison.
hang
Słownictwo
(czasownik)
zawiesić, powiesić, wisieć, wieszać, przewiesić, spuścić się, zalegać, obić tapetami, wystawiać obraz, zapadać
(rzeczownik)
zwis, nachylenie, układanie się, powiązanie
To cause death by placing a rope around a person’s neck and suspending them from a height, causing the person to suffocate
If I had to be executed, I would rather be shot than to hang. I cannot bear the thought of not being able to breathe!
hangman
Słownictwo
(noun)
kat, oprawca
A person whose job it is to execute people for the state by hanging them
I would hate to have a job as a hangman: it must be a terrible feeling to place the noose around someone’s neck and hear their last words.
has a life
Związek Frazeologiczny
Being social and active, having things to do and attend
I see Sheila’s always busy and surrounded by friends. I guess she has a life, unlike me.
help yourself
Związek Frazeologiczny
Take anything you want or need
I have to go now. If you get hungry, just open the refrigerator and help yourself to anything in there.
hold on
Słownictwo
(verb)
trzymać się
Wait, stop
I’ll be there in a second, hold on.
ice-cold
Słownictwo
lodowaty
Very cold, as cold as ice
I’ll have an ice-cold beer, please.
impossibly
Słownictwo
(adverb)
niemożliwie
In an exaggerated way than cannot be considered normal
Blake claims to be able to run the 100 meters in 6 seconds. That is impossibly fast; he must be lying.
insulation
Słownictwo
(noun)
izolacja, odizolowanie, oddzielenie, zwojenie
Material placed in the walls and roof of a house to prevent heat from escaping to the outside
Too much heat is escaping from our house during the winter, and it is costing us a lot of money. There is very clearly a lack of insulation in the walls.
intricacies
Słownictwo
(noun)
zawiłość, gmatwanina, powikłanie
Complex details
My job may seem easy, but its small intricacies make it quite difficult to do without making mistakes.
jargon
Słownictwo
(noun)
żargon, gwara
Terms or expressions that are more commonly used in specific fields or industries and not easy to understand for people outside of the group
She uses jargon to sound smart, but is there really substance in what she is saying?
jerk
Określenie Slangowe
(rzeczownik)
szarpnięcie, kretyn, głupiec, drgawka, targnięcie
(czasownik)
szarpać, targać, suszyć na słońcu, wykonać nagły ruch
A stupid, mean and irritating person
Alfie always insults everyone he sees and tries to hurt their feelings. What a jerk!
