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englang exam Flashcards

1
Q

how to write short answer responces?

A
  1. Line number
  2. quoted example
  3. Metalinguistic label
  4. context ( situational-behavior and actions associated with the situation) & “( cultural- where it takes place what is it about as in FNP and who is getting interviewed).
  5. Context , report and purpose.
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2
Q

how to identify an adjective?

A
  • det, adjective,noun
  • noun is ajective
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3
Q

how to identify a verb?

A

common endings:
- ise.
- ize.
- use.
- ing.
- ed.

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4
Q

What does “Semantic domain “ refer to ?

A
  • The domain/ main idea of the text.
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5
Q

“Like “ Word class?

A

Discourse Particle.

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6
Q

“Which “ Word class?

A

Relative Pronoun.

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7
Q

“After “ Word class?

A

Proposition.

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8
Q

“Really “ Word class?

A

Adverb.

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9
Q

“It “ Word class?

A

Noun.

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10
Q

“So “ Word class?

A

Coordinating Conjunction.

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11
Q

“Because “ Word class?

A

Subordinating Conjunction.

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12
Q

List the prosodic Features. 5 marks

A

Pitch.
Stress.
Intonation.
Volume.
Tempo.

Or A way to remember this is VIPST

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13
Q

What does register refer to? 1 mark

A) the reason the text exists in the world
B) the level of formality of the text
C) the relation ship between the participants in the text
D) weather the text is public or private

A

Correct Ans. B

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14
Q

What are the two parts of context? 1 mark

A) Situational
B) Where + When
C) Public or Private
D) Cultural

A

A and D

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15
Q

Test to see if a sentence is a passive voice or active voice.

A

IF you can add “ By zombies” at the end of the sentence it is passive voice and if not then it is active voice.

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16
Q

“And “ Word class?

A

Coordinating conjunction.

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17
Q

How to identify and “Adverb”

A
  • time, manner, place, frequency, degree
  • Some end in ly
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18
Q

interjections?

A

have emotional meaning that stands outside of the sentence

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19
Q

list the determiners

A

the / a / an

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20
Q

List of prepositions

A

on, in, under, above, through, below, to, of, with, at, for

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21
Q

List all the coordinating conjunctions?

A

-For
-And
-Nor
-But
-Or
-Yet
-So

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22
Q

List all the subordinating conjunctions?

A

-however
-if
-because
-while
-although
-as

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23
Q

list all the auxiliary verbs

A

-to be
-to have
-to do
-is
-am
-are
-was
-were
-be
-being
-been

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24
Q

list all the modal verbs

A

-may
-might
-must
-can
-could
-will
-would
-shall
-should

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25
Q

Relative pronoun?

A

-who
-whom
-whose
-that
-which

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26
Q

What is “first person”? Provide examples

A
  • I
  • we
  • us
    -our
  • my
  • me
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27
Q

What is “second person”? Provide examples

A
  • you
  • your
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28
Q

What is “third person”? Provide examples

A
  • they
  • she
  • he
  • it
  • them
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29
Q

How to know if it is a “ inflectional morpheme”?

A
  • if it ends in:
  • est
  • s
  • er
  • ed
  • en
  • ing
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30
Q

How to know what type of “inflectional” morpheme it is?

A

Superlative ends in “-est”.
Possession= shows ownership or ends in “-s”.
Comparitive= ends in er.

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31
Q

what is a “shortening”?

A

creating a new word by shortening an older one
e.g. gym from gymnasium
e.g. rizz from charisma

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32
Q

What is “ Compounding”?

A

joining two whole free morphemes together to create a new word
e.g. holy + day = holiday

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33
Q

What is “blending”?

A

oining parts of two free morphemes together to create a new word
(can be one whole + one part OR two parts)
e.g. chill + relax = chillax

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34
Q

What is “backformation”?

A

removing an assumed affix to create a new word
e.g. burgle from burglar

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35
Q

What is “ Conversion”?

A

creating a new word by using it as a new word class
e.g. googling, here it is a noun not a verb.

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36
Q

What is “ initialism”?

A

creating a new word by taking the initials of a phrase
you must pronounce each initial
e.g. PTO / FML

37
Q

What is “ acronym “?

A

creating a new word by taking the initials of a phrase
you pronounce it as a single word
e.g. FOMO

38
Q

What is “contraction “?

A

creating a word by joining two words together with an apostrophe to show the missing letter
e.g. do + not = don’t

39
Q

What is “neologism”?

A

creating an entirely new word

40
Q

What is “borrowing”?

A

adopting a word from another language into English

41
Q

What is “commonisation “?

A

using a brand name as a common term to refer to an item
e.g. 7-11 > petrol station
e.g. biro > pen
e.g. kleenex > tissue

42
Q

How to know if it is a “ derivational” morpheme?

A

they change meaning.

43
Q

How to know if it is a “ bound “ morpheme?

A

can’t stand alone

44
Q

How to know if it is a “ free” morpheme?

A

can stand alone

45
Q

Are prefixes always derivational or inflectional?

A

they are always:
-“Derivational”

46
Q

Formula for finding a noun pharse?

A

Formula = (det) (adv)* (adj)* N

47
Q

Formula for finding a verb pharse?

A

(mod) (aux)2 lex {can include adverbs at the end/after the lexical verb.}

48
Q

Prepositional phrase formula?

A

prep + NP

49
Q

Types of clauses

A

independent/main
dependent/subordinate

50
Q

What is a subject?

A

the noun phrase that comes before the verb

51
Q

What is a direct object?

A

always comes after the verb

52
Q

What are the four aspects?

A

simple, perfect, progressive, perfect progressive

53
Q

Which morpheme indicates the progressive aspect?

A

-ing

54
Q

Which auxiliary verb indicates the perfect aspect?

A

to have

55
Q

Which modal verb indicates future tense?

A

will

56
Q

Past or present? Has

A

present

57
Q

Past or present? Had

A

past

58
Q

declarative sentence formula?

A

Subject, verb, (x)

59
Q

interrogative sentence formula?

A

inversion of subject + (aux) V

60
Q

imperitave sentence formula?

A

inversion of subject + (aux) V

61
Q

simple sentence

A

one VP

62
Q

compound sentence

A

joined by FANBOYS which are:
for and nor but or yet so

63
Q

complex sentence

A

one main clause + two (or more) sub clauses

64
Q

steps to find sentence structure

A

find + highlight verb phrases
find clause boundaries and how they are joined
determine types of clauses
label sentence structure

65
Q

types of voice

A

active
passive
agentless passive

66
Q

ellipsis

A

leaving words out of a sentence

67
Q

fragment

A

not a grammatically complete sentence

68
Q

a copular verb

A

the ‘thing’ on the other side of the verb) refer to the same entity

69
Q

an intransitive verb

A

takes no object

70
Q

a ditransitive verb

A

takes a direct AND indirect object

71
Q

a transitive verb

A

takes a direct object

72
Q

What is an indirect object?

A

often comes (or could come) after a preposition

73
Q

intonation

A

the pattern of changes in pitch

74
Q

tempo

A

the pace of someone’s utterance

75
Q

pitch

A

the high, medium or low sound of someone’s voice waves

76
Q

volume

A

how loudly or softly someone is speaking

77
Q

stress

A

this means the initial sound of the word is stressed

78
Q

onomatopoeia

A

using a word which imitates a sound e.g. buzz,bark,crash.

79
Q

consonance

A

repetition of a consonant SOUND (anywhere in the word)
E.G. mIKe LIKes His new bIKe

80
Q

assonance

A

repetition of a vowel SOUND

81
Q

alliteration

A

repetition of an initial consonant SOUND

82
Q

What is patterning?

A

repetition, links

83
Q

substitution

A

swapping a sound for a different one
(there are different types of this and it is not listed in the SD)

84
Q

insertion

A

adding in a sound to ease production
e.g. filUm

85
Q

elision

A

removing a sound
can be a vowel, consonant or whole syllable
e.g. strawberry > strawbry

86
Q

vowel reduction

A

when an unstressed vowel is reduced to a schwa
e.g. you > ya

87
Q

assimilation

A

when sounds change due to influence from neighbouring sounds
e.g. handbag > hambag

88
Q

How write a section (A)

A
  1. Find the mode and text type.
  2. Read the back ground information.
  3. notice the 5w+h.
  4. make ttcrapftt notes.
    5.anotate the section A question.
    6.Write your responce.
89
Q

what is the dominant sentence type in Wikipedia/encyclopedia type text?

A

Declarative sentences.

englang (4 decks)

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