England in Late 15th Century Europe Flashcards
Why did England avoid entanglements since the loss of the Hundred Years War?
England lost all land on the continent except Calais. Their military power was also weak as it had no standing army and was vulnerable to attack.
Why was the Duchy of Brittany important to England?
They provided Henry with refuge when he fled England in 1471. France wanted to incorporate the Duchy into the kingdom, which would have resulted in all the Channel coast being in the hands of the French.
When did France give Henry support and what would be the consequences of England supporting Brittany?
France had given Henry financial aid for his invasion in 1485. France had the largest and most professional army in Europe and was financially much stronger than England. They were also part of the Auld Alliance.
Why were Scotland a threat?
- Auld Alliance - Simultaneous attacks
- Raids across the border were common, forcing England to keep expensive garrisons with troops based at Berwick and Carlisle.
What were the aims of Spain?
- Drive the Moors (Muslims) out of Granada - accomplished in 1492.
- Secure their Northern border with France by retaking land that France had taken and to secure the claims of Ferdinand in Naples.
Why was Burgundy a complicated area for England?
Due to the cloth trade, it was the most important area for England; however, Margaret offered a base for Yorkist claimants and their supporters. This contrast made action complicated.
What was the Empire’s relationship with England like?
Maximilian married Mary of Burgundy in 1477 and therefore acquired Burgundy, taking on a greater important in terms of its relationship with England.
Why did Italy make Henry’s position less vulnerable?
In 1485, Italy was a collection of states and the rulers of France, Spain and the Empire all had claims to land there, resulting in the Italian wars in 1494.
