England and Wales

Question 1

Briefly explain which types of grapes was used in the early-winemaking days versus modern winemaking in England.

Answer 1

Modern grape growing started after WW2
*
Early days = mainly German hybrids and crossings
*
late 1980’s = Traditional Champagne varieties were planted (Nyetimber 1988)

Question 2

In which part of England (name a few regions) are winemaking in England mainly found?

Answer 2

Southern England - Kent and Sussex

Question 3

At what latitude is the Sorthern England placed at?

Answer 3

50 degrees Latitude

Question 4

What type of climate is to be found in Southern England?

Answer 4

Cool, Maritime

Question 5

What is the average growing-season temperature?

Answer 5

14 degrees

Question 6

What are the main-hazards, inflected by the climate?

Answer 6

Heavy rain - spread out all over the year (Mainly a problem in the growing-season)
	* 
Frost
	* 
Fungal diseases

Question 7

When evaluating site selection in Southern England, what should you consider?

Answer 7

Northern latitudes calls for south-facing slopes with high exposure of sun
*
Sites that can shelter (protect from heavy rain)
*
Good drainage soils

Question 8

What are the two main-soils found in southern England

Answer 8

Clay and Chalk

Question 9

How is the planting density? why?

Answer 9

Medium (4000-5000 plants/ ha). To increase root-competition and contain the vigor of the canopy

Question 10

How are vines generally trained?

Answer 10

Guyot with vertical shoot positioning

Question 11

What varieties are allowed for PDO English Sparkling wines?

Answer 11

Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Pinot Noir Précoce, Meunier, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris

Question 12

What method of winemaking must be used? (PDO)

Answer 12

Methode Traditionelle

Question 13

What is the Max yield? (PDO)

Answer 13

80 hl/ha

Question 14

Name two significant producers

Answer 14

Nyetimber and Wiston Estate

Question 15

How much is domestic sales/ export?

Answer 15

96% domestic sale, 4% export

Question 16

How many bottles were set to sale in 2018? And what is the goal for 5-10 years ahead?

Answer 16

2018 = 2 mio., 5 years = 4 mio., 10 Years = 8 mio.

Question 17

Is reserve-wines generally used? Why/ why not?

Answer 17

No - few producers has just now started using reservewines, but as the winecellars of most producers are quite young, there hasn’t been time to stock up. Reserve-wine-use will be more common in the years to come.