ENG104 Lesson 2

Question 1

Refer to the way authors organize information in text. Recognizing the underlying structure of texts can help students focus attention on key concepts and relationships, anticipate what is to come, and monitor their comprehension as they read.

Answer 1

Text Structures

Question 2

6 items

Types of Text Structures:

Answer 2

1. Narrative
2. Chronological/Sequence
3. Cause and Effect
4. Problem/Solution
5. Compare and Contrast
6. Definition or Description

Question 3

Narrates an event/story with characters, setting, conflict, point of view, and plot.

Answer 3

Narrative

Question 4

Signal words: after a while, a little later, at the same time, during the morning, after the night

Answer 4

Narrative

Question 5

Present ideas or events in order in which they happen.

Answer 5

Chronological/Sequence

Question 6

Signal words: first, second, third, later, next, before, then, finally…

Answer 6

Chronological/Sequence

Question 7

Organizes details based on the cause, the reason, and the result or consequences of a certain phenomenon.

Answer 7

Cause and Effect

Question 8

Signal words: because, due to consequently, reasons why, seeing that…

Answer 8

Cause and Effect

Question 9

Identify problems and pose solutions

Answer 9

Problem/Solution

Question 10

Signal words: problem is, dilemma is, if/then, because, so that, question/answer, puzzle is solved

Answer 10

Problem/Solution

Question 11

Discuss two ideas, events, or phenomena showing how they are different and how they are similar

Answer 11

Compare and Contrast

Question 12

Signal words: also, as, both, in the same way, like, although, and yet, but, instead, yet, otherwise

Answer 12

Compare and Contrast

Question 13

Describes a topic by listing characteristics, features, attributes, and examples

Answer 13

Definition or Description

Question 14

Signal words: for example, for instance, such as, including, to illustrate…

Answer 14

Definition or Description

Question 15

Why are text structures important?

Answer 15

The readers can significantly improve their comprehension and retention of information when they can identify and recognize the text structure of a text. It can also help them:

1. Organize information and details they are learning in their minds while reading.
2. Make connections between the details being presented in a text.
3. Summarize the important details shared in a text.

Question 16

According to who? (Name and year)

It is reducing text to one-third or one-quarter of its original size, clearly articulating the author’s meaning, and retaining main ideas.

Answer 16

Buckley, 2004
Summarizing

Question 17

According to who? (Name and year)

It involves stating a work’s thesis and main ideas “simply, briefly, and accurately”

Answer 17

Diane Hucker, 2008
Summarizing

Question 18

According to?

It is the distillation, condensation, or reduction of a larger work into its primary notions.

Answer 18

Webster
Summarizing

Question 19

9 items

Strategies in Summarizing:

Answer 19

1. Read the work first to understand the author’s intent
2. Present information through facts, skills, and concept in visual formats
3. Know the main points and the supporting details.
4. Analyze the text to save time.
5. Think what information you will put in your summary
6. Restate the words into a different one. Use your own vocabulary but be sure to retain the information
7. Organize all ideas
8. Write down all information in a coherent and precise form
9. Avoid making it long

Question 20

4 items

Basic Rules of Summarizing:

Answer 20

1. Erase things that do not matter.
2. Erase things that repeat.
3. Trade, general terms for specific names.
4. Use your own words to write the summary.

Question 21

Delete trivial material that is unnecessary to understanding.

Answer 21

Erase things that do not matter.

Question 22

Delete redundant material. In note-taking, time and space is precious.

Answer 22

Erase things that repeat.

Question 23

Substitute superordinate terms for lists.

Answer 23

Trade, general terms for specific names.

Question 24

Write the summary using your own words but make sure to retain the main points.

Answer 24

Use your own words to write the summary.

Question 25

5 items

Various Techniques in Summarizing Academic Texts

Answer 25

1. Somebody Wanted But So.
2. SAAC Method
3. 5W’s, 1H
4. First Then Finally
5. Give Me The Gist

Question 26

The strategy helps students generalize, recognize cause and effect relationships, and find main ideas.

Answer 26

Somebody Wanted But So

Question 27

It is an acronym for “State, Assign, Action, Complete.” Each word in the acronym refers to a specific element that should be included in the summary.

Answer 27

SAAC or SAAC Method

Question 28

SAAC is an acronym for?

Answer 28

State
Assign
Action
Complete

Question 29

This technique relies on six crucial questions. These questions make it easy to identify the main character, important details, and main idea.

Answer 29

5W’s, 1H

Question 30

This technique helps students summarize events in chronological order.

Answer 30

First Then Finally

Question 31

When someone asks for “the gist” of a story, they want to know what the story is about. In other words, they want the summary- not a retelling of every detail.

Answer 31

Give Me The Gist

Question 32

3 items

Three Terms To Remember In Summarizing

Answer 32

1. Selection
2. Rejection
3. Substitution

Question 33

It is essential to select major idea, key words, and phrases, special terms and interpretations presented in the original resource.

Answer 33

Selection

Question 34

It is a process of removing unnecessary data. Try to reject repetitions, examples, illustrations, anecdotes, redundant, expressions, tables and statistical data.

Answer 34

Rejection

Question 35

It is a mode of combining several sentences into one sentence to replace lengthy sentences. The use of one-word substitutions is an added advantage in the summary writing process.

Answer 35

Substitution