eng lan Flashcards
what to include in a SPEECH
- PURPOSE: often persuasive, informative
- AUDIENCE: often your class, could be others like the elderly
- CONTENT: anecdotes and humour, must be entertaining
- STRUCTURE: formal opening, structured argument, repetition, formal ending
what to include in a LETTER
- PURPOSE: to inform, persuade, entertain, advise, complain
- AUDIENCE: show clearly your relationship with recipient, refer to things they know
- CONTENT: formal, start with purpose informal, start with relationship
- STRUCTURE: own address, recipient address (formal), date, structured argument, formal closing
what to include in a MAGAZINE ARTICLE
- PURPOSE: to entertain, persuade, discuss, inform
- AUDIENCE: depends where it’s published
- CONTENT: facts, examples, anecdotes, quotes, stats, humour
- STRUCTURE: headline (+byline?), sub-headings, bullet point boxes with key quotations, structured arguement
what to include in a REPORT
- PURPOSE: to explain a problem, report on facts, suggest solutions
- AUDIENCE: someone in authority
- CONTENT: summary of a problem, suggest improvements, recommendations
- STRUCTURE: intro to explain the problem, sections for different suggestions, recommendations
what to include in a REVIEW
- PURPOSE: to evaluate/say strengths and weaknesses
- AUDIENCE: often the youth
- CONTENT: some facts, short summary, opinions
- STRUCTURE: catchy heading, facts first, sections on strengths and weaknesses, personal opinions/bias
what to include in a GUIDE
- PURPOSE: to inform about something/where, persuasive
- AUDIENCE: specified in question, maybe wide
- CONTENT: some facts/detailed info, description of place
- STRUCTURE: catchy headings and sub-headings, numbered or bullet points are fine
GIVE ten synonyms for SHOWS
- SUGGESTS
- EXHIBITS
- PRESENTS
- IMPLIES
- REINFORCES
- PROVES
- DEPICTS
- DISPLAYS
- REVEALS
- CONFIRMS
- CONVEYS
- PORTRAYS
- DEMONSTRATES
- HIGHLIGHTS
- CONNOTES
- ILLUSTRATES
- INDICATES
GIVE 5 discourse markers
- On the other hand …
- Some may argue that …
- However …
- Alternatively …
- In addition …
- As a result …
- As a consequence …
- Even though …
- Therefore …
number of rhetorical devices in FAIROSE
3,4,2,4,3,3,3
rhetorical devices in F of FAIROSE (3)
- (play on) Fears
- Funny/humour
- Facts/ stats
rhetorical devices in A of FAIROSE (4)
- Authority (ethos)
- Audience appeal (pronouns)
- Alliteration
- Anecdotes
rhetorical devices in I of FAIROSE (2)
- Imagery (similie,metaphor)
- Imperative
rhetorical devices in R of FAIROSE (4)
- Rhetorical questions
- Reason (logos)
- Repetition (anaphora, antimetabole)
- Register/TONE
rhetorical devices in O of FAIROSE (3)
- Organisation (structure)
- (crush) Opposing ideas
- Opinions/bias
rhetorical devices in E of FAIROSE (3)
- Exaggeration/hyperbole
- Emotion (pathos)
- Examples
other persuasive devices
- semantic fields
- juxtaposition/comparison
- adj/adv
- idioms
- photos
how to answer question 1
- select THREE facts
- bullet point answers.
- read the question carefully
how to answer question 2
- WHAT evidence?
- How does the writer persuade/suggest/present?
- Overview, audience, purpose; focus on effects of content on audience, words, structure (B/M/E), tone, devices…
- Use a few technical terms e.g. simile, metaphor, adverbs, facts etc… - no repetition
- Select 10 quotations across the whole text. Identify the technique being used. Explain what effects it has on the specific audience…. Point/ Evidence / Explain – one idea per sentence.
10 PETAL PARAGRAPHS. 3 TO 5 SENTENCES PER PARAGRAPH. POINT/QUOTE/TECHNIQUE/EXPLAIN/LINK. 5 WHATS and 5 HOWS
Key techniques to look for:
tone (e.g. sarcastic) / juxtaposition / imagery / semantic fields / selective content / idioms / order ideas are presented in / humour / tension, sympathy…
how to answer question 3
- Identify detail and explain briefly; be very precise
- think about implied ideas (interpret an idiom/metaphor)
how to answer question 4
- Track through text what and how the writer implies ideas. 8-10 ideas. Focus on evaluating the question focus.
- QUOTE – What it literally means – what it implies – your evaluation of the statement (e.g., I think…)
how to answer question 5
- synthesise and compare; make connections and contrasts. 2 points per text.
- Summarise 4 key connections between two texts – recognise different audiences
- Identify the ideas that are presented similarly and any contrasts
how to answer question 6
- identify focus of Q; use comparative phrases; consider text type, audience, purpose, tone; connections and ideas, and how ideas conveyed refer to linguistic techniques and content. Explain effects on reader.
- Cover 8-10 ideas. Separate WHAT and HOW responses to the text.
rhetoric devices in S of FAIROSE (3)
- symbolism
- set of three
- short bold statements
