enfermedads renal crónica

Question 1

What is renal disease?

Answer 1

A condition that affects the kidneys’ ability to function properly.

Question 2

What does chronic kidney disease (CKD) mean?

Answer 2

A gradual loss of kidney function over time.

Question 3

True or False: Diabetes is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

What is the primary function of the kidneys?

Answer 4

To filter waste and excess fluids from the blood.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: The stages of chronic kidney disease are classified from stage 1 to stage __.

Answer 5

5

Question 6

What is the GFR and why is it important?

Answer 6

Glomerular Filtration Rate; it measures how well the kidneys are filtering blood.

Question 7

Which stage of CKD is considered end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

Answer 7

Stage 5

Question 8

True or False: High blood pressure can cause kidney damage.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What are common symptoms of kidney disease?

Answer 9

Fatigue, swelling, changes in urination, and nausea.

Question 10

What is dialysis?

Answer 10

A treatment that removes waste and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys are not functioning.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The two main types of dialysis are __ and __.

Answer 11

hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis

Question 12

What is the main dietary recommendation for patients with CKD?

Answer 12

Limit protein, sodium, potassium, and phosphorus intake.

Question 13

What is nephropathy?

Answer 13

A disease or damage to the kidneys.

Question 14

True or False: Kidney stones can lead to chronic kidney disease.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What role do kidneys play in electrolyte balance?

Answer 15

They regulate levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate in the body.

Question 16

What is the significance of urine protein levels?

Answer 16

High levels can indicate kidney damage.

Question 17

What medical conditions are associated with an increased risk of CKD?

Answer 17

Diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease.

Question 18

Fill in the blank: The kidneys are located in the __ region of the body.

Answer 18

retroperitoneal

Question 19

What is the purpose of kidney function tests?

Answer 19

To assess how well the kidneys are working.

Question 20

True or False: Chronic kidney disease can be reversed.

Answer 20

False

Question 21

What lifestyle changes can help manage kidney disease?

Answer 21

Maintain a healthy diet, exercise regularly, and control blood sugar and blood pressure.

Question 22

What is acute kidney injury (AKI)?

Answer 22

A sudden decrease in kidney function that can be reversible.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The most common test to evaluate kidney function is the __ test.

Answer 23

creatinine

Question 24

What is the role of the nephron?

Answer 24

The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney that filters blood.

Question 25

True or False: CKD can lead to cardiovascular disease.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What is the significance of serum electrolytes in kidney disease?

Answer 26

They indicate how well the kidneys are functioning and managing electrolytes.

Question 27

What are common complications of CKD?

Answer 27

Anemia, bone disease, and cardiovascular problems.

Question 28

Fill in the blank: __ is a common medication used to manage high blood pressure in CKD patients.

Answer 28

ACE inhibitors

Question 29

What is the relationship between CKD and anemia?

Answer 29

Kidneys produce erythropoietin, which stimulates red blood cell production; CKD can reduce this hormone.

Question 30

True or False: All patients with CKD will require dialysis.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

What is renal replacement therapy?

Answer 31

A treatment for kidney failure that includes dialysis and kidney transplantation.

Question 32

What is the role of a nephrologist?

Answer 32

A doctor specializing in kidney health and diseases.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: The leading cause of CKD in developed countries is __.

Answer 33

diabetes

Question 34

What factors can influence the progression of CKD?

Answer 34

Diabetes control, blood pressure management, and lifestyle choices.

Question 35

True or False: Smoking can worsen kidney function.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

What is the importance of regular monitoring in CKD?

Answer 36

To track kidney function and adjust treatment as needed.

Question 37

What is the potential benefit of a kidney transplant?

Answer 37

It can restore kidney function and improve quality of life.

Question 38

Fill in the blank: __ is a common test to measure kidney damage.

Answer 38

urinalysis

Question 39

What dietary component should be restricted in CKD patients to manage phosphorus levels?

Answer 39

Dairy products and certain meats.

Question 40

True or False: Fluid intake should be monitored in CKD patients.

Answer 40

True

Question 41

What is the potential impact of CKD on bone health?

Answer 41

CKD can lead to bone disease due to imbalances in calcium and phosphorus.

Question 42

What is a common symptom of late-stage CKD?

Answer 42

Uremia, which can cause nausea, fatigue, and confusion.

Question 43

Fill in the blank: CKD can lead to an increase in __ due to fluid retention.

Answer 43

blood pressure

Question 44

What is the role of potassium in kidney health?

Answer 44

It is essential for heart and muscle function, but levels must be regulated in CKD.

Question 45

True or False: All kidney diseases are hereditary.

Answer 45

False

Question 46

What is the purpose of a kidney biopsy?

Answer 46

To obtain tissue samples for diagnosis of kidney disease.

Question 47

Fill in the blank: The kidneys help regulate __ balance in the body.

Answer 47

acid-base

Question 48

What is the significance of creatinine clearance?

Answer 48

It assesses how well the kidneys are filtering waste from the blood.

Question 49

True or False: Early detection of CKD can slow its progression.

Answer 49

True