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BIOLOGY > ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS > Flashcards

ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS Flashcards

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1
Q

The WORD EQUATION and CHEMICAL EQUATION for PHOTOSYNTHESIS is…

A

CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER (in the presence of SUNLIGHT and CHLOROPHYLL) yields GLUCOSE and OXYGEN

6CO2+ 6H2O (in the presence of SUNLIGHT and CHLOROPHYLL) yields C6H12O6 + 6O2

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2
Q

The WORD EQUATION and CHEMICAL EQUATION for CELLULAR RESPIRATION is…

A

GLUCOSE and OXYGEN (with ATP) yields CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER

C6H12O6 + 6O2 (with ATP) 6CO2 + 6H20

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3
Q

PHOTOSYNTHESIS is an ______________ process

A

ENDERGONIC

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4
Q

CELLULAR RESPIRATION is an ____________ process

A

EXERGONIC

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5
Q

In Photosynthesis, where does Carbon Dioxide enter the plant cells?

A

Carbon Dioxide enters the plant cells through the STOMATA

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6
Q

In Photosynthesis, where does WATER enter the plant cells?

A

Water enters the plant cells from the ROOTS

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7
Q

What is GLUCOSE stored as in PLANT CELLS?

A

Glucose is stored as STARCH in plant cells

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8
Q

When WATER (6H20) is split during PHOTOSYNTHESIS, what happens to the HYDROGEN and OXYGEN molecules?

A

The HYDROGEN MOLECULES help to form GLUCOSE, whilst the OXYGEN MOLECULE is released into the atmosphere.

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9
Q

Where does CELLULAR/AEROBIC RESPIRATION take place?

A

Cellular Respiration takes place in the CYTOSOL and the MITOCHONDRIA

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10
Q

PHOTOSYNTHESIS can occur in ______________ , ___________ and ______________

A

Plants, Algae and Photosynthetic Bacteria

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11
Q

What is the role of XYLEM in a plant?

A

XYLEM transports WATER and DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES from SOIL TO LEAVES (upwards)

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12
Q

What is the role of PHLOEM in plants?

A

PHLOEM transports NUTRIENTS both UPWARDS AND DOWNWARDS

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13
Q

What is TRANSPIRATION?

A

Transpiration is the MOVEMENT OF WATER FROM SOIL TO LEAVES until it is RELEASED INTO THE ATMOSPHERE.

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14
Q

What is TRANSLOCATION?

A

Translocation is the movement of WATER AND OTHER SUBSTANCES BOTH UPWARD AND DOWNWARD in plants

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15
Q

Anaerobic Respiration involves FERMENTATION. What is Fermentation?

A

FERMENTATION is the BREAKDOWN of substances WITHOUT OXYGEN

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16
Q

In Human Cells, how does Anaerobic Respiration work and what is it called?

A

In HUMAN CELLS, glucose is broken down into pyruvate, which is then broken down into LACTIC ACID. This is called LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION

17
Q

What is Anaerobic Respiration called in Yeast Cells?

A

In Yeast cells, an alcohol (ETHANOL) is produced. It is called ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION

18
Q

Some organisms can perform both AEROBIC and ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION. What are these organisms called and what is an example of one?

A

These are called FACULTATIVE ANAEROBES and HUMAN MUSCLE CELLS are an example

BIOLOGY (3 decks)

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