ENERGY TRANSFERS IN + BETWEEN ORGANISMS

Question 1

PHOTOSYTHESIS EQUATION

Answer 1

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 2

ADAPTIONS OF LEAVES TO PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Answer 2

.Large surface area
.Thin so diffusion distances are short and to capture light as only penetrates few mm
.Transparent cuticle to let light through
.Long narrow layer of palisade mesophyll cells allows many cells packed close to surface for light absorption
.Cells packed w/chloroplasts around edge that collect light
.Stomata on lower surface for gas exchange
.Air spaces in lower mesophyll layer for diffusion of gases
.Xylem brings water and phloem carries away sugar in form of sucrose

Question 3

CHLOROPLAST STRUCTURE

Answer 3

.Chloroplasts are transducers: convert energy of light photons into ATP chemical energy

.composed of double membrane w/ stroma inside-Stroma is site of Calvin cycle – light independent reactions of photosynthesis

.Membrane thylakoids are composed of flattened sacs called lamellae-Grana are several stacked thylakoids containing photosynthetic pigments e.g. chlorophyll-absorb light for light dependent reactions of photosynthesis

.Chloroplasts also often contain starch grains- amyloplasts and lipid droplets which are products of photosynthesis

Question 4

PHOTOSYSTEMS

Answer 4

.Chloroplasts contain photosystems embedded in thylakoid membranes
.Photosystem I contains chlorophyll with a light absorption peak at wavelength of 700nm and Photosystem II contains chlorophyll w/light absorption peak at wavelength of 680nm