Energy transfers Flashcards

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1
Q

How is energy transferred from one trophic level to another?

A

Feeding

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2
Q

Another name for a plant is?

A

A producer

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3
Q

Another name for a herbivore is?

A

A primary consumer

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4
Q

Feeding levels are called?

A

Trophic levels

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5
Q

How does energy enter ecosystems?

A

As light energy and is transduced to chemical potential energy in the biological molecules produced by plants in photosynthesis.

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6
Q

How do you calculate NET energy production for consumers?

A

N = I - (F+R)

Where N = net production
I = chemical energy ingested in food
F = chemical energy lost in faeces and urine
R = energy lost in respiration

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7
Q

What is Gross Primary production?

A

Total amount of chemical energyconverted from light energy by plants in a given area, in a given time

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8
Q

How is 50% of the GPP lost?

A

As heat when plants respire

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9
Q

What is NPP? (net primary production)

A

GPP - R

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10
Q

What is biomass

A

The mass of living material, usually measured as dry mass or with a calorimeter

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11
Q

What is dry mass?

A

Mass with all water removed

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12
Q

What do teriary consumers eat?

A

Secondary consumers

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13
Q

What does the arrow show in a food chain or web?

A

Energy transfer

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14
Q

What does endothermic mean?

A

Means you maintain your body temperature

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15
Q

If we look at a pyramid of numbers it isn’t always pyramid shaped as larger orgainisms can be in smaller numbers. What would we look at to give us more information?

A

A pyramid of energy or a pyramid of biomass

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16
Q

Which pyramid of biomas isn’t always pyramid shaped?

A

One involving phytoplankton as they can multiply very rapidly

17
Q

Are all pyramids of energy pyramid shaoped?

A

Yes, no exceptions

18
Q

Why are there rarely more than 4 trohic levels?

A

Because too much energy is lost between trophic levels

19
Q

How is energy lost between trophic levels?

A

Parts which aren’t eaten (yucky bits)
Parts which aren’t digested - egested (faeces)
Energy used in respiration for movement and heat production
Excretory wast (urine)

20
Q

What is “conservation of energy”?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be tranferred

21
Q

What is a saprobiont?

A

An organism which obtains energy by the extra-cellular digestion of dead organic matter.