Energy Systems exam questions

Question 1

What 3 factors affect the rate at which a performer accumulates lactate? (3)

Answer 1

• Intensity of exercise - higher intensity the faster lactacte accumulation occurs
• Muscle fibre used - if slow twitch used, delays lactate acculumation
• Fitness of performer - physiological adaptive responses due to training e.g more mitochondria

Question 2

Explain how the anaerobic energy system contributes to performance in a game?

Answer 2

LACTATE SYSTEM
- For activities over 8-10s + over 3 mins
- 2 ATP produced
- Glycogen/glucose breakdown
- to pyruvate/ pyurivic acid

ATP-PC SYSTEM
- provides energy for high intensity activity
- short powerful movements for up to 10s
- PC broken down
- Energy used to resysnthesie ATP
- 1 ATP produced

Question 3

Outline advantages + disadvantages of ATP-PC System? (4 marks)

Answer 3

ADVANTAGES
- Energy released quickly
- ATP resynthesises quickly
- No waste products

DISADVANTAGES
- limited stores of PC
- High intensity exercise can only be completed for 8-10s
- Fully recovery takes 2-3 mins

Question 4

Explain the term VO2 max and its relationship to aerobic performance? (2 marks)

Answer 4

V02 MAX - maximum volume of oxygen that can be utilised by the working muscles per unit of time

• Higher the V02 max the greater the endurance capacity of the performer/ delayed OBLA
• Level of VO2 max genetically determined which limited impact of training

Question 5

Identify energy sources that a performer may use during competition? (3marks)

Answer 5

• Carbohydrates/ Glycogen
• Protein
• Fats/ glycerol
• creatine/ phosphocreatine

Question 6

Outline stages and function of Kreb cycle? (3 marks)

Answer 6

Pyruvic acid combines with acetyl CoA
Beta oxidation occurs
Forms oxaloacetic acid
Oxaloacetic acid combines with coenzyme A
Forms citric acid
Oxidation of citric acid
Hydrogen ions passed onto electron transport chain
Resynthesis of 2 ATP

Question 7

Explain how lactic acid is removed from the body? ($ marks)

Answer 7

Slow component of EPOC
Occurs in mitochondria
Using oxygen
Converted to pyruvate
Then to CO2 and water
In Liver
Converted to glycogen
Converted to protein
Known as Cori Cycle

Question 8

Explain the terms lactate sampling and respiratory exchange ratio (4 marks)

Answer 8

Lactate sampling - taking blood samples to measure level of lactic acid
-measures OBLA/ lactate threshold

Respiratory Exchange Ratio - ratio of carbon dioxide released compared to oxygen used by body
- estimates use of fats and carbohydrates used during exercise
- can tell what energy system a performer is working in

Question 9

Describe the main principles and benefits of speed, agility and quickness training (SAQ) ? (4 marks)

Answer 9

PRINCIPLES OF SAQ
- involves being coached correct technique for movements
- involves progression excersies to improve motor ability to do skills faster

BENEFITS OF SAQ
- increased muscular power
- improved kinaesthetic
- improved motor skills
- improved reaction time