Energy Systems

Question 1

First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 1

Energy is neither created nor destroyed, but transferred

Question 2

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 2

Law Of Entropy- tendency for potential energy to degrade over time to kinetic energy or heat

Question 3

Mechanical Work

Answer 3

Muscle contraction

Heart contraction

Question 4

Chemical Work

Answer 4

Creates new molecules (anabolism)- requires energy
Degrades molecules (catabolism)- releases energy

Question 5

Transport Work

Answer 5

Moves needed nutrients or molecules across the system

Passive transport- diffusion- needs no additional energy
Active transport- requires energy

Question 6

Enzymes and Coenzymes

Answer 6

Proteins that speed up reactions

Reactions can take place without enzymes are slower and inefficient
Enzymes are recycled
Enzymes can be rate limiting
Lock and key

Question 7

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Answer 7

Serves as a source to power work in the electron transport chain and Kreb Cycle

Question 8

Body is not efficient and most energy is released as ______

Answer 8

Heat

Question 9

True or false: oxygen is required to release energy from ATP

Answer 9

False

Question 10

ATP–>

Answer 10

ADP + Pi

Pi= phosphate- inorganic

Question 11

A molecule is _____ when it donates electrons

Answer 11

Oxidized

Question 12

A molecule is _____ when it accepts electrons

Answer 12

Reduced

Question 13

Three components of aerobic metabolism

Answer 13

1. Oxidative phosphorylation
2. citric Acid Cycle
3. Electron transport

Question 14

Aerobic System

Answer 14

-utilized when exercise duration is >3-4 minutes
-oxygen take increases rapidly during first three minutes of exercise
->4-5 minutes, steady state reached
Lactate produced=lactate metabolism

Question 15

Lactate is always being formed by _______

Answer 15

Red blood cells

Question 16

I’d energy demands outstrip oxygen supply _______ “backs up”

Answer 16

Electron transport chain

Question 17

Pyruvate + H(+)=

Answer 17

Lactate

Question 18

Cori cycle takes place in the _______

Answer 18

Liver

Question 19

In the CORI cycle, lactate can be converted to ______ and _______

Answer 19

Glucose and glycogen

Question 20

1 fatty acid molecule produces ______ ATP

Answer 20

147

Question 21

1 triglyceride has ______ fatty acid molecules

Answer 21

3 which makes 441 ATP
Glycerol makes 19 ATP

TOTAL= 460 ATP

Question 22

Training ______ the time it takes for your body to reach steady state. ________ oxygen deficit and _________ time needed for recovery

Answer 22

Decreases/ reduces/ decreases