Energy Systems Flashcards
What is ATP?
An organic chemical that provides energy in living cells
What is the ATP-PC system?
An anaerobic process and rethink synthesises ATP when the enzyme creating kinase detects high levels of ADP
What is phosphocreatine?
An energy rich phosphate compound found in the sarcoplasm of the muscles
What is a coupled reaction?
When energy required by one process is supplied by another process
What are mitochondria?
The working organelles that keep the cells full of energy
What is the lactate anaerobic system?
A system that produces high powered energy for high intensity of effort in events such as 400 meters
What is aerobic respiration?
The usual process for releasing energy for your muscles
What is anaerobic respiration?
When your muscles have to work at a very intense level, anaerobic respiration takes place
Sporting examples of anaerobic respiration?
Sprinting and weightlifting
Sporting examples of aerobic respiration?
Long distance running,
Sporting examples using both anaerobic and aerobic respiration?
Rugby, boxing, cycling
What is the energy currency in the body?
ATP
What are the three energy systems?
- Aerobic system
- ATP-PC system
- Anaerobic glycolytic system
What type of system is the ATP-PC system?
Anaerobic, does not require oxygen to produce energy
What is the ATP-PC system used for?
Needed for high intensity, short duration events e.g. shot putt, sprinting
How long does the ATP-PC system last?
10 seconds for high intensity, short duration events (PC stores run down quickly)
What is the predominant energy system in high intensity, short duration events lasting between 5 and 8 seconds ?
ATP-PC
What energy is used for activities lasting less than 3 seconds?
Energy just from the breakdown of ATP
Advantages of the ATP-PC system?
- ATP can be re-synthesised rapidly
- Phosphocreatine stores can be re-synthesised quickly
- No fatiguing by-products
- Possible to extend the time the ATP-PC system is utilised through creatine supplementation
Disadvantages of the ATP-PC system?
- Only a limited supply of phosphocreatine in a muscle cell
- Only one mole of ATP can be re-synthesised for every mole of PC
- PC re-synthesis can only take place in the presence of oxygen
What is the lactic acid system?
Anaerobic glycolytic system
What is the lactic acid system used for?
Short term energy system - used for high intensity exercise over a long period of time (60-90 seconds) - 400m
What type of process is the lactic acid system?
Aerobic, does not require oxygen
How does the lactic acid system get energy?
Uses carbohydrates from food eaten and converts them into glucose