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PE Physiology > Energy Systems > Flashcards

Energy Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What is ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE ?

A

a high-energy compound which is the only immediately available SOURCE OF ENERGY for MUSCULAR CONTRACTION

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2
Q

What at ATPase ?

A

an ENZYME which catalyses the BREAKDOWN of ATP

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3
Q

What is an EXOTHERMIC REACTION ?

A

a reaction that releases energy

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4
Q

What is ADENSONE DIPHOSPHATE ?

A

a compound formed by the REMOVAL of a PHOSPHATE BOND from ATP

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5
Q

What is an ENDOTHERMIC REACTION ?

A

a chemical reaction which absorbs energy

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6
Q

What is CREATINE KINASE ?

A

an enzyme which catalyses the BREAKDOWN of PHOSPHOCREATINE

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7
Q

What is a COUPLED REACTION ?

A

where the products of one reaction are used in another reaction

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8
Q

What are the 3 energy systems ?

A
  • ATP-PC system
  • glycolytic system
  • aerobic system
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9
Q

What is PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE (PFK)

A

an ENZYME which catalyses the BREAKDOWN of GLUCOSE (glycolysis)

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10
Q

What is the full name of the enzyme PFK ?

A

PHOSPHO - FRUCTO - KINASE

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11
Q

What is ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS ?

A

the partial breakdown of glucose into PYRUVIC ACID

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12
Q

What is LACTATE DEHYGROGENASE (LDH) ?

A

an ENZYME which catalyses the CONVERSION of PYRUVIC ACID into LACTIC ACID

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13
Q

What is the full name of the enzyme LDH ?

A

LACTATE DE - HYDRO - GENASE

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14
Q

ATP-PC SYSTEM : TYPE OF REACTION

A

anaerobic

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15
Q

ATP-PC SYSTEM : SITE

A

sarcoplasm

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16
Q

ATP-PC SYSTEM : FOOD FUEL

A

phosphocreatine

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17
Q

ATP-PC SYSTEM : ENZYMES

A

creatine kinase

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18
Q

ATP-PC SYSTEM : ATP YIELD

A

1 : 1

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19
Q

ATP-PC SYSTEM : STAGES

A

PC –> P + C + energy (EXOTHERMIC)

energy + P + ADP (ENDOTHERMIC)

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20
Q

ATP-PC SYSTEM : BY-PRODUCTS

A

none

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21
Q

ATP-PC SYSTEM : INTENSITY

A

very high intensity

22
Q

ATP-PC SYSTEM : DURATION

A

2 - 10 secs

23
Q

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : TYPE OF REACTION

A

anaerobic

24
Q

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : SITE

A

sarcoplasm

25
Q

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : FOOD FUEL USED

A

glycogen / glucose

26
Q

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : ENZYME

A

PFK and LDH

27
Q

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : YIELD

A

1 : 2

28
Q

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : STAGES

A

anaerobic glycolysis: glycogen -> glucose -> pyruvic acid + energy

lactate pathway: pyruvic acid -> lactic acid

energy + 2P + 2ADP -> 2ATP (ENDOTHERMIC)

29
Q

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : BY-PRODUCTS

A

lactic acid

30
Q

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : INTENSITY

A

high intensity

31
Q

GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : DURATION

A

10s - 3min (peak at 1min)

32
Q

What is the KREB’S CYCLE ?

A

the SECOND STAGE of the aerobic system producing energy to RESYNTHESISE 2 ATP in the MITOCHONDRIA MATRIX

33
Q

What is the ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN (ETC) ?

A

the THIRD STAGE of the aerobic system producing energy to RESYNTHESISE 34 ATP in the MITOCHONDRIA CRISTAE

34
Q

What is the ENERGY CONTINUUM ?

A

relative CONTRIBUTION of each energy system to overall EVERY PRODUCTION depending on INTENSITY and DURATION of the activity

35
Q

PREDOMINANT ENERGY SYSTEM…
intensity = very high

duration = < 10 secs

A

ATP-PC system

36
Q

PREDOMINANT ENERGY SYSTEM…
intensity = high

duration = 10s - 3min

A

Glycolytic system

37
Q

PREDOMINANT ENERGY SYSTEM…
intensity = low-moderate

duration = > 3 mins

A

Aerobic system

38
Q

What is INTERMITTENT EXERCISE ?

A

activity where the INTENSITY alternates either during…

  • interval training = work : relief intervals
  • game = breaks of play
39
Q

What is a THRESHOLD ?

A

the point at which an athlete’s PREDOMINANT energy production moves from one energy system to another

40
Q

What are WORK : RELIEF PERIODS ?

A

the VOLUME of RELIEF in relation to the VOLUME of WORK PERFORMED

41
Q

How do RECOVERY PERIODS affect thresholds ?

A

anaerobic activities = ATP-PC and Glycolytic = quickly replenished = breaks aid recovery (basketball)

42
Q

How does FITNESS LEVEL affect thresholds ?

A
  • high VO2 Max
  • efficient cardiovascular
  • increases INTENSITY
  • increased BUFFERING CAPACITY
  • better LACTIC ACID removal
  • O2 arrival earlier
  • FFA demand is met
  • increases DURATION
43
Q

What are the other factors that affect energy production ?

A
  • position of the player
  • tactics and strategies
  • level of competition
  • structure of the game
44
Q

How does POSITION OF THE PLAYER affect energy systems ?

A
  • goalkeeper = aerobic

- atp-pc for dives, kicks, defense

45
Q

How do TACTICS AND STRATEGIES affect energy systems ?

A
  • man-man marking = increased intensity = anaerobic systems
46
Q

How does LEVEL OF COMPETITION affect energy systems ?

A
  • tough competition = increased intensity = anaerobic systems
47
Q

How does the STRUCTURE OF THE GAME affect energy systems ?

A
  • field games = large pitch = increased duration = decreased intensity = aerobic system
48
Q

ATP-pc system advantages and disadvantages

A

simple compounds
good for high intensity exercise
phosphocreatine is ready in the body
no biproducts

inefficient as it only make 1 ATP
doesn’t last long - 10 seconds

49
Q

glycolytic system advantages and disadvantages

A

fast system
lasts longer than ATP-PC system
large glycogen stores

long energy yield 1:2
produces lactic acid
type II muscle fibres used - fatigue

50
Q

aerobic system advantages and disadvantages

A

high energy yield 1:38
long lasting system
by products easily expelled
large fuel store

slow reaction
complex reactions to create ATP

PE Physiology (8 decks)

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