energy system Flashcards
what are the three key nutrients
carbs, fats, proteins
Bioenergetic Conversion
the process of breaking down the food we eat into carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
what is the most important energy source?
carbs
why are carbs the most important energy source?
They are most plentiful and the most easily accessible.
where is glycogen stored?
- The Liver
2. Skeletal Muscle
what is metabolism?
The process where energy is supplied throughout the body and by which energy-rich materials (carbohydrates, fats and proteins) are assimilated by the body for the purpose of energy renewal.
what defines an anaerobic system?
-without oxygen
-formation of ATP occurs relatively quickly
-occurs within the muscle fibre
-dominant in short, high-intensity activities
what defines an anaerobic system?
-without oxygen
-formation of ATP occurs relatively quickly
-occurs within the muscle fibre
-dominant in short, high-intensity activities
characteristics of the aerobic system
-with oxygen
-more complicated
-takes place in the mitochondria
-complete breakdown of glucose
-fats and proteins are also metabolized
-dominant in an endurance activity
what are the three metabolic pathways?
- ATP-PC pathway (anaerobic alactic)
- Glycolysis pathway (anaerobic lactic)
- Cellular Respiration (aerobic)
which anaerobic system creates lactic acid?
glycolysis
where does the ATP-PCr system take place?
(sarcoplasm) cytoplasm of a muscle cell
what compound does ATP-PCr system rely on?
Phosphocreatine
what is Phosphocreatine
a high-energy molecule where the phosphate can be broken off easily and can be used to convert ADP back to ATP.
how many ATP does each phosphocreatine molecule produce?
1 ATP
how long does the ATP-PCr system produce energy for?
10-15s
how long does the ATP-PCr system take to recover?
2-5 minutes
where does glycolysis occur?
Glycolysis occurs in the sarcoplasm.
how long can ATP be produced for with glycolysis?
up to 3 minutes
what are the 3 types of muscle fibres?
- Slow Twitch (Type 1) Slow Oxidative
- Fast Twitch (Type 2A) Fast-Oxidative Glycolytic
- Fast Twitch (Type 2B) Fast Glycolytic
what type of muscle fibres are used in cellular respiration?
Slow Twitch Muscle Fibres (Type 1A)
-slow oxidative
what type of muscle fibres are used in glycolysis?
Fast-Twitch (Type IIA)
- Fast-Oxidative Glycolytic
what type of muscle fibres are used in ATP-PCr system?
Fast-Twitch (Type IIB)
-Fast Glycolytic
what is myoglobin responsible for ?
Myoglobin is a protein responsible for storing/carrying oxygen within the muscle
