Energy Of Matter

Question 1

Gas

Answer 1

Arrangement
- particles are spread out
- almost no forces of attraction between particles

Movement
- particles move randomly and rapidly

Properties
- low density
- no fixed volume or shape
- can be compressed and can flow

Question 2

Liquid

Answer 2

Arrangement
- particles are in contact with each other
- weaker forces of attraction than solids

Movement
- particles are free to move randomly around each other

Properties
- usually lower density than solids
- fixed volume
- shape isn’t fixed so they can flow

Question 3

Solids

Answer 3

Arrangement
- particles next to each other in fixed positions
- strong forces if attraction

Movement
- particles vibrate about fixed positions

Properties
- high density
- fixed volume and shape

Question 4

How to increase internal energy

Answer 4

Heat the substance

Question 5

Latent heat

Answer 5

The energy transferred when a substance changes state

Question 6

Specific latent heat

Answer 6

The energy required to change state of 1kg of a substance with no temperature change

Question 7

Explain how the motion of the molecules in a gas is related to both its temperature and its pressure

Answer 7

Higher temperature increases the energy of the particles, causing them to move faster - the increase in movement leads to more frequent collisions therefore increasing pressure

Question 8

What happens when u heat a gas

Answer 8

By heating a gas you increase the particles’ kinetic energy, meaning they collide more frequently and with greater force which increases pressure