Energy Metabolism -

Question 0

Carb metabolism

Answer 0

Breaks down into glucose (simplest form of energy)

Glucose either stored as fat or built into glycogen

Question 1

What is energy metabolism?

Answer 1

How the body breaks down food and turns it into energy
Anabolism: building tissue, requires more energy, pregnancy, lactating
Catabolism: breaking down tissue, releases energy, sickness ?

Question 2

Fat metab.

Answer 2

Broken into triglycerides, etc

Easily converted to fat in the body

Question 3

Protein metabolism

Answer 3

Broken into amino acids
Some used to replace body’s proteins (used first for wound healing and muscle building)
Others loose N, converted to triglycerides(fats)
(Can not be converted back)

Question 4

Metabolism favors_____formation

Answer 4

Fat

Excess of fat, carb, or protein all stored as fat

Question 5

What happens to fat cells when one overeats

Answer 5

Fat cells enlarge and multiply

Question 6

Fasting/ energy deficit

Answer 6

Body’s top priority : meet energy needs for cellular activity
Wasting metabolism: calls on carbs and fat first (liver’s glycogen & fatty acids from adipose tissue) then goes to vital protein tissues
Adaptation: after 1-2 weeks, ketosis/ketones fuel parts of brain, slows breakdown of muscle

Question 7

Low carb diet

Answer 7

Metabolism similar to fasting
Glyconeogenesis when glycogen is depleted
Ketones in urine symptom of fasting
Nausea, fatigue, constipation, low BP, elevated uric acid (exacerbates kidneys and joints), stale foul taste, fetal harm, stillbirth

Question 8

When loosing weight, one lb fat is equal to_____.

Answer 8

3500 calories

Question 9

BMR

Answer 9

Total of all chemical activities of cells necessary to maintain life
Out of 2000 cal, body spends 1000-1300 on BMR
Males have higher BMR

Question 10

Thermic effect of food

Answer 10

10% of total energy taken in is burned by eating and digesting