energy in ecosystems Flashcards
what is a niche?
the role an organisation plays in a community
state 3 ways energy is lost between levels in a food chain
heat, movement and undigested waste
Organisms also use energy to grow, explain why this is available to the next organism in the food chain
only energy stored as biomass can get eaten
what are the 2 types of pyramid that can represent energy in ecosystems?
pyramid of numbers
pyramids of energy
which type of pyramid always has a regular shape?
pyramids of energy
what is an organism that gets its energy from another organism called?
consumer
how much does the energy divide by when passing through different organisms?
10%
what are animals that eat plants called?
herbivores
what are animals that eat other animals called?
carnivores
what are those that eat plants and animals called?
omnivores
what does population mean?
all the organismsof one type
what does species mean?
closely related organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring
what does prey mean?
organism that is hunted
all food chains and webs start with organisms that can make their own food using the suns energy. what do we call them?
producing
name 3 things that could effect the ecological effect niche of an organism
the animal going extinct
habitat
Tropical position
what does interspecific competition mean?
the competition between individuals of different species
what does intraspecific competition mean?
a competition between individuals from the same species (cospecifics)
what is more intense interspecific competition or intraspecific competition
intraspecific is more intense than interspecific because individuals have the same niche so are competing for the exact same resources
state 3 ways energy is lost between levels in a food chain
heat, movement undigested materials
organisms also use energy to grow, explain why this is available to the next organism in the food chain.
Primary producers use energy from the sun to produce their own food in the form of glucose, and then primary producers are eaten by primary consumers who are in turn eaten by secondary consumers, and so on
what is a food chain?
a diagram that shows the flow of energy from one organism to the next
what is a food web?
a more complex diagram that shows feeding relationships between a number of organisms
what is a pyramid of numbers?
a diagram of the total numbers of organisms at each stage of the food chain
what is a pyramid of energy?
a diagram of the total energy contained within each stage of the food chain
