Energy, dietary fibre & water - 1.4

Question 1

What are the functions of energy?

Answer 1

Keeping the heart beating, keeping the organs functioning, maintenance of body temperature and muscle contraction

Question 2

What are the sources of energy?

Answer 2

Carbohydrates (primary source), protein (secondary source), fat (secondary source)

Question 3

What are the functions of water?

Answer 3

Production of body fluids (sweat, saliva, urine); removal of waste products - combines with dietary fibre; absorption of water soluble nutrients; lubrication of joints and eyes; regulation of body temperature - through perspiration

Question 4

WHat are the sources of water?

Answer 4

Tap or bottled water; fruit and vegetables; milk and fruit juices

Question 5

What happens if you get too little water?

Answer 5

Dehydration - feeling thirsty/dry mouth, tiredness, confusion and lack of concentration, dark coloured and strong smelling urine

Question 6

What are the 2 types of dietary fibre?

Answer 6

Soluble and insoluble

Question 7

What does soluble dietary fibre do?

Answer 7

This type slows down digestion and absorption of carbohydrates to control blood sugar levels

Question 8

What does insoluble dietary fibre do?

Answer 8

This type absorbs water and increases bulk to help the gut work properly and prevents constipation.

Question 9

What are the sources of dietary fibre?

Answer 9

Wholemeal (brown) foods e.g. bread, rice, pasta; wholegrain cereals e.g. bran and oats; pulses e.g. peas, beans and lentils; fruit and vegetables

Question 10

What are the functions of dietary fibre?

Answer 10

Helps remove the toxic or harmful waste products from the body; helps prevent bowel disorders such as constipation, diverticular disease and bowel cancer; absorbs water to help bulk faeces, which helps it move through the body; gives a feeling of fullness, to help prevent overeating and obesity; helps lower LDL cholesterol and therefore reduces the risk of heart disease

Question 11

What happens if you get too little dietary fibre?

Answer 11

Bowel disorders e.g. haemorrhoids (piles), constipation, diverticular disease, bowel cancer

Question 12

What happens if you get too much dietary fibre?

Answer 12

Can prevent some minerals being absorbed. Children should eat less than adults because the bulk and the feeling of fullness that fibre provides could cause their diet to be too low in energy if large amounts are eaten.