Energy Crisis Lecture 2 Flashcards
Global energy access
- 3 billion without energy access
- 7 billion without clean cooking facilities
95% are in SSA or developing Asia
SDG agreed in 2015 to include energy
Developing vs developed
Developed: focused on decarbonising or energy security
Undeveloped: seeking enough energy to secure basic human needs
Need to reduce prices to decrease poverty and improve health services
Cost of importing oil had quadrupled in last 10 years
If we continue 900 million no electricity in 2030
2030 1.5 million deaths due to air pollution due to traditional cooking- more than aids and malaria
SE4ALL
Targets by 2030:
1- ensure universal access to modern energy services
2- double rate of improvement in energy efficiency
3- double the share in renewable energy in the global energy mix
BUT did not receive strong endorsement in final draft of Rio+20
Estimated to reach target by 2030, $36bn per year
SDG7
1) ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy
2) to increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global mix
3) to double the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency by 2030
Africa
Only 4% of all aid spent on Africa goes to energy- bypass rural
Energy poverty- lack access to modern energy services
Energy Poverty
Lack of access to modern energy services
IEA- household access to electricity and clean cooking facilities
Not just an issue related to third world countries
2.35 million households are currently in a state of fuel poverty- 10.4% of all households in England
40% in developing countries rely on traditional biomass for energy “free fuel”
Combustion of wood etc. Need to improve biomass tech
Women and children spend hours looking for wood and not receiving an income or education
Health and environment implications
Energy Poverty UK
Households in UK are considered fuel poverty if they spend more than 10% of income on fuel
The determining factors of this are the cost of energy, efficiency and household income
Decentralised Energy Access
Access sometimes measured by connection to grid
Broader to recognise how energy is used in different households, communities and societies- various used to which energy is put
Often energy access is an excuse for large scale fossil fuel projects- bring negative development impacts + health impacts
Decentralised energy access 2
A centralised network of cables is an old technology and expensive one
Power stations are often some distance from centres of demand- most heat produced is not used when fossil fuels are burnt
Further losses occur as the electricity travels along the wires of the transmission and distribution systems
Decentralised energy access 3
DE systems- electricity is generated close to or at the point of use highly appropriate for developing countries
Highly flexible allowing solutions tailored to local conditions and installed much faster than centralised system
Renewable energy technologies are important to DE systems
Localised energy networks small scale low maintenance and affordable energy
The Indian Energy Crisis 2012
Worlds biggest black out
North power grid collapsed
Affecting 370 million ppl
Collapsed again but second time took out eastern grid too
Crisis affected 22 states
Unusually weak monsoon lowered productivity of India’s hydroelectricity representing up to 26% of India’s total power generation
Blackouts are common
65% of energy from non-renewable sources 19% hydro
Energy pirated through illegal electrical systems
India is a rising power
