Energy and States of Matter Flashcards
thermal energy
internal energy present in a system in a state of thermodynamic equilibrium by virtue of its temperature.
kinetic energy
energy which a body possesses by virtue of being in motion.
heat
the form of energy that is transferred between systems or objects with different temperatures
temperature
a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
melting
change of a solid into a liquid when heat is applied
boiling
the rapid vaporization of a liquid
evaporation (vaporization)
the process by which a liquid turns into a gas
condensation
the process where water vapor becomes liquid
freezing
The process through which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid
solidifying (solidification)
the process when a molten liquid becomes a solid
sublimation
conversion of a substance from the solid to the gaseous state without its becoming liquid
deposition
the laying down of sediment carried by wind, flowing water, the sea or ice
potential energy
stored energy that depends upon the relative position of various parts of a system
How do you find Kinetic energy? (equation)
KE = ½ x m x v2
How can you find GPE? (equation)
GPE = m x g x h
What types of potential energy are there?
Gravitational Potential energy (GPE), Chemical Potential energy, and Elastic Potential energy
What is the GPE of a ceiling fan that has a mass of 7kg and is 4m above the ground?
GPE = m x g x h
= 7kg x 9.8m/s² x 4m
=274.40 J
Find the height of a baseball with a mass of 0.15kg that has a GPE of 73.5 J.
(h = GPE/ g x m
g = 9.8)
73.5 / 0.15 x 9.8 = 50
What is the mass of a hiker 200m above the ground if her GPE is 117,600 J?
m = GPE/ g x h
9.8 x 200 = 1960
117,600/1960 = 60m
How does GPE increase?
It increases as the height above the Earth increases.
What is Chemical Potential Energy?
Stored energy that is stored in chemical bonds of things like food.
What is Elastic Potential Energy?
Kinetic energy that resides in anything that can stretch or compress.
What is Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)?
Energy stored in objects due to their position above the Earth’s surface.
