Energy and States of Matter

Question 1

thermal energy

Answer 1

internal energy present in a system in a state of thermodynamic equilibrium by virtue of its temperature.

Question 2

kinetic energy

Answer 2

energy which a body possesses by virtue of being in motion.

Question 3

heat

Answer 3

the form of energy that is transferred between systems or objects with different temperatures

Question 4

temperature

Answer 4

a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object

Question 5

melting

Answer 5

change of a solid into a liquid when heat is applied

Question 6

boiling

Answer 6

the rapid vaporization of a liquid

Question 7

evaporation (vaporization)

Answer 7

the process by which a liquid turns into a gas

Question 8

condensation

Answer 8

the process where water vapor becomes liquid

Question 9

freezing

Answer 9

The process through which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid

Question 10

solidifying (solidification)

Answer 10

the process when a molten liquid becomes a solid

Question 11

sublimation

Answer 11

conversion of a substance from the solid to the gaseous state without its becoming liquid

Question 12

deposition

Answer 12

the laying down of sediment carried by wind, flowing water, the sea or ice

Question 13

potential energy

Answer 13

stored energy that depends upon the relative position of various parts of a system

Question 14

How do you find Kinetic energy? (equation)

Answer 14

KE = ½ x m x v2

Question 15

How can you find GPE? (equation)

Answer 15

GPE = m x g x h

Question 16

What types of potential energy are there?

Answer 16

Gravitational Potential energy (GPE), Chemical Potential energy, and Elastic Potential energy

Question 17

What is the GPE of a ceiling fan that has a mass of 7kg and is 4m above the ground?

Answer 17

GPE = m x g x h
= 7kg x 9.8m/s² x 4m
=274.40 J

Question 18

Find the height of a baseball with a mass of 0.15kg that has a GPE of 73.5 J.

Answer 18

(h = GPE/ g x m
g = 9.8)
73.5 / 0.15 x 9.8 = 50

Question 19

What is the mass of a hiker 200m above the ground if her GPE is 117,600 J?

Answer 19

m = GPE/ g x h
9.8 x 200 = 1960
117,600/1960 = 60m

Question 20

How does GPE increase?

Answer 20

It increases as the height above the Earth increases.

Question 21

What is Chemical Potential Energy?

Answer 21

Stored energy that is stored in chemical bonds of things like food.

Question 22

What is Elastic Potential Energy?

Answer 22

Kinetic energy that resides in anything that can stretch or compress.

Question 23

What is Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)?

Answer 23

Energy stored in objects due to their position above the Earth’s surface.