Energy and ATP

Question 1

All living organisms require energy in order to remain alive.
Where does this energy initially come from?

Answer 1

The sun

Question 2

Plants use solar energy to do what?

Answer 2

Plants use solar energy to combine:
1. Water
2. Carbon dioxide
into complex organic molecules by the process of photosynthesis

Question 3

Plants use solar energy to combine water and carbon dioxide into complex organic molecules by the process of photosynthesis.
Both plants and animals then do what to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

Answer 3

Both:
1. Plants
2. Animals
then oxidise these organic molecules to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 4

You cannot ‘make’ or ‘produce’ energy.

Energy can only be what and it can be what?

Answer 4

Energy can only be transformed from one type to another and it can be:
1. Transferred
Or,
2. Released

Question 5

The structure of ATP:

How many parts does ATP have?

Answer 5

ATP has 3 parts:

1. Adenine
2. Ribose
3. A chain of 3 phosphate groups

Question 6

ATP has 3 parts: Adenine - A what, ribose and a chain of 3 phosphate groups?

Answer 6

ATP has 3 parts:

1. Adenine - A nitrogen-containing organic base
2. Ribose
3. A chain of 3 phosphate groups

Question 7

What is ATP?

Answer 7

ATP is the universal energy currency

Question 8

ATP is a store of what energy?

Answer 8

ATP is a store of chemical potential energy

Question 9

ATP is what to release what?

Answer 9

ATP is hydrolysed to release chemical energy

Question 10

When ATP is hydrolysed to form what, how much energy is released?

Answer 10

When ATP is hydrolysed to form:
1. ADP
2. Inorganic phosphate
,30.5 kJ of energy are released

Question 11

How many main types of biological processes require energy?

Answer 11

3 main types of biological processes require energy:

1. Synthesis
2. Transport
3. Movement

Question 12

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide and has 3 phosphate groups.
These 3 phosphate groups are key to how ATP stores energy.
The bonds between these phosphate groups are what and so have what?

Answer 12

The bonds between these phosphate groups:

1. Are unstable
2. So have a low activation energy

Question 13

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide and has 3 phosphate groups.
These 3 phosphate groups are key to how ATP stores energy.
The bonds between these phosphate groups are unstable and so have a low activation energy, which means that they are what?

Answer 13

The bonds between these phosphate groups:
1. Are unstable
2. So have a low activation energy
,which means that they are easily broken

Question 14

When the bonds in ATPs phosphate groups do break, they release what?

Answer 14

When they do break, they release a considerable amount of energy

Question 15

As water is used to convert ATP to what, this is known as a hydrolysis reaction?

Answer 15

As water is used to convert:
1. ATP 
to 
2. ADP 
,this is known as a hydrolysis reaction