Energy and ATP Flashcards

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1
Q

What are 4 uses of ATP?

A
  • metabolic processes
  • movement
  • active transport
  • secretion
  • activation of other molecules
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2
Q

What does ATP stand for?

A

Adenosine Tri-Phosphate

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3
Q

Draw the structure of ATP

A

adenine attached to 1 ribose sugar, attached to three phosphate groups

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4
Q

Give the equation for the hydrolysis of ATP

A

ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi (+ energy)

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5
Q

What enzyme catalyses ATP hydrolysis?

A

ATP hydrolase

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6
Q

Where does energy come from in an ATP molecule?

A
  • The energy comes from the bonds between the phosphate molecules.
  • These bonds are very unstable and have a low activation energy.
  • The breaking of these is quick and releases a considerable amount of energy.
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7
Q

What can the inorganic phosphate do?

A

phosphorylate other molecules making them more reactive

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8
Q

What enzyme catalyses the reaction forming ATP?

A

ATP synthase

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9
Q

Give the equation for the re-synthesis of ATP?

A

ADP + Pi (+ energy) → ATP + H2O

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10
Q

How is ATP suited for its function?

A
  • energy storing bonds between phosphate groups
  • small amounts of energy released at a time (less lost as heat)
  • single step hydrolysis (energy available quickly)
  • readily resynthesized
  • phosphorylates other compounds
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11
Q

What is energy and why is it needed?

A
  • ability to do work
  • carry out metabolic processes, move, thermoregulation
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12
Q

How is ATP used in biological processes?

A
  • large amounts cannot be stored
  • formed when required
  • required for transport, movement, secretion and activation of molecules
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