Energy and ATP Flashcards
1
Q
What are 4 uses of ATP?
A
- metabolic processes
- movement
- active transport
- secretion
- activation of other molecules
2
Q
What does ATP stand for?
A
Adenosine Tri-Phosphate
3
Q
Draw the structure of ATP
A
adenine attached to 1 ribose sugar, attached to three phosphate groups
4
Q
Give the equation for the hydrolysis of ATP
A
ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi (+ energy)
5
Q
What enzyme catalyses ATP hydrolysis?
A
ATP hydrolase
6
Q
Where does energy come from in an ATP molecule?
A
- The energy comes from the bonds between the phosphate molecules.
- These bonds are very unstable and have a low activation energy.
- The breaking of these is quick and releases a considerable amount of energy.
7
Q
What can the inorganic phosphate do?
A
phosphorylate other molecules making them more reactive
8
Q
What enzyme catalyses the reaction forming ATP?
A
ATP synthase
9
Q
Give the equation for the re-synthesis of ATP?
A
ADP + Pi (+ energy) → ATP + H2O
10
Q
How is ATP suited for its function?
A
- energy storing bonds between phosphate groups
- small amounts of energy released at a time (less lost as heat)
- single step hydrolysis (energy available quickly)
- readily resynthesized
- phosphorylates other compounds
11
Q
What is energy and why is it needed?
A
- ability to do work
- carry out metabolic processes, move, thermoregulation
12
Q
How is ATP used in biological processes?
A
- large amounts cannot be stored
- formed when required
- required for transport, movement, secretion and activation of molecules
