Energy and Activity

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

Energy is the power to do work. Energy is essential for life and is required to fuel many processes in the body. These include; keep the heart beating/keeping the organs functioning/maintenance of body temperature/muscle contraction.

Question 2

Dietary Energy Needs are based on:

Answer 2

Age/Gender/Body size/level of activity/genes.

Question 3

Energy Balance

Answer 3

Energy in>Energy Out = Weight Gain Energy Out > Energy In = Weight Loss.

Question 4

Body Mass Index (BMI)

Answer 4

BMI can be used to identify if an adult is a correct weight for height. BMI = weight(kg)/(height in metres)squared

Question 5

Basal Metabollic Rate (BMR)

Answer 5

BMR is the rate at which a person uses energy to maintain the basic functions of the body when it is at complete rest such as breathing/keeping warm/keeping the heart beating.

Question 6

Undernutrition and Obesity

Answer 6

Managing energy intake and expenditure and maintaining energy balance can help reduce the risk of overweight/obesity and being underweight. People who are obese are more likely to suffer from coronary heart disease/type 2 diabetes/gall stones/arthitis/high blood pressure and some cancers. Being underweight can also be linked to some problems as well.

Question 7

Benefits of physical activity:

Answer 7

Physical acitivity is beneficial because it can help to manage the balance between energy in and energy out/improve heart health and strengthen muscles and bones/improve sleep/relieve stress/lift mood.

Question 8

Types of Activity:

Answer 8

Moderate activity = walking/gardening/hiking. Vigorous Activity = Cycling/Swimming. Muscle strengthening activities = exercising with weights/carrying heavy shopping/yoga.

Question 9

Activity Recommendations: 3-4 years

Answer 9

180 minutes spread throughout the day including at least 60 minutes of moderate/vigorous activity.

Question 10

Activity Recommendations: 5-18 years

Answer 10

Atleast 60 minutes of physical activity every day and engage in a variety of types and intensities of physical activity across the week.

Question 11

Activity Recommendations: 19-64 years

Answer 11

Atleast 150 minutes each week of moderate intensity or have 75 minutes of vigorous activity a week and do muscle strengthening activites on two or more days of the week.

Question 12

Physical Activity

Answer 12

Physical activity should be an important part of our daily energy expenditure. Many types of activity contribute to our total physical activity all of which form part of everyday life.

Question 13

Physical Activity Level (PAL)

Answer 13

People also use energy for all types of movements of all types. The amount of energy a person uses to perform daily tasks varies.

Question 14

Inactivity

Answer 14

It is also important for the amount of time being sedentary is reduced. Over time sedentary behaviour can lead to weight gain and obesity which can increase the risk of developing chronic diseases in adulthood.