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Samarthy's flashcards 🥳 > Energy💡 > Flashcards

Energy💡 Flashcards

1
Q

Ductile meaning?

A

Able to be drawn out into a thin wire

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2
Q

Malleable meaning?

A

It can be hammered or pressed into shape without breaking or cracking.

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3
Q

Energy definition

A

Energy is the ability to do work

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4
Q

We generally notice energy when it is ________.

A

changed

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5
Q

What is energy measured in?

A

Energy is measured in joules.

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6
Q

List some different forms of energy

A
  • Heat energy
  • Light energy
  • Electrical energy
  • Sound energy
  • Nuclear energy
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7
Q

How does a light globe change electrical energy into light energy into heat energy?

A

The moving electrons in the filament of a light bulb causes the particles to vibrate so rapidly that they get hot and glow producing light energy.

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8
Q

What is potential energy?

A

Potential energy represents energy that is about to be released.

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9
Q

What is gravitational potential energy?

A

Gravitational potential energy is stored in an object because of its position above Earth’s surface.

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10
Q

Gravitational potential energy depends on the ______ of the object and the _______.

A

a) mass
b) height

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11
Q

What is chemical potential energy?

A

Chemical potential energy is the energy stored in the bonds between atoms and molecules. When these bonds are broken during a chemical reaction, this stored energy is released.

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12
Q

What is elastic potential energy?

A

Elastic potential energy is stored in a stretched spring or rubber band. As these objects return to their original shape energy is released.

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13
Q

What is Nuclear potential energy?

A

Nuclear potential energy is the energy stored inside the nucleus of atoms.

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14
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

Kinetic energy is often referred to as movement energy.

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15
Q

Kinetic energy depends on the ______ and ______ of an object.

A

a) mass
b) speed

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16
Q

What is the difference between the energy and the current of an electric circuit?

A

The main difference between energy and current is that energy can be stored, while current cannot.

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17
Q

What is the law of conservation of energy?

A

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed it can only be changed from one form to another.

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18
Q

What is electrical energy?

A

Electrical energy is the flow of electrons through wires.

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19
Q

Usually, an atom is ________ meaning is has just as many protons as it does electrons.

A

Neutral

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20
Q

Note: In the nucleus of a cell there needs to be electrons that are free to move from atom to atom. Metal has these free electrons therefore metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.

A

Understood?

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21
Q

Note: non-conductors have electrons held so tightly that they are not free to flow.

A
22
Q

For an electrical current to flow the circuit (path) needs to be switched on for the current to flow. True or False?

A

False

23
Q

Note: In a circuit, one wire conducts the electricity from the place where it is generated to the place where it is used, and the other wire conducts electricity back to the generating point.

A
24
Q

Electrons travel from the _________ terminal to the _________ terminal.

A

a) negative
b) positive

25
Q

The flow of electrical current depends on which factors?

A
  • The pressure that causes the current to flow
  • The speed or rate of the current flow
  • The resistance on the wire to the flow
26
Q

Sounds are made in a variety of ways but all include __________.

A

Vibrations.

27
Q

Sound is a form of energy that needs a _________to _______.

A

a) medium
b) spread

28
Q

How is sound energy produced?

A

The vibrating particles cause other particles to vibrate, so the sound spreads into your eardrum, which is made to vibrate. And so sound energy is transferred.

29
Q

What is it called when particles bunch up?

A

Compression

30
Q

What is it called when particles spread out?

A

Rarefaction

31
Q

Sound energy travels through solids, liquids, and but not gases. True or false?

A

False, sound energy can travel thorugh all solids, liquids, and gases.

32
Q

Note: The speed in vibrations increases as the temperature rises as there is more kinetic energy. Therefore, in solids and liquids sound travels much faster.

A

Understood?

33
Q

The loudness of a sound depends on what?

A

How much energy is received every second by the ear.

34
Q

Why does a violin have a high pitch whereas a cello has a low pitch?

A

This has to do with how many vibrations are produced every second. The more vibrations the higher the pitch.

35
Q

Does light energy need a medium for it to spread?

A

No

36
Q

Light is the visible part of the ____________________________.

A

Electromagnetic spectrum

37
Q

What is the electromagnetic spectrum?

A

The electromagnetic spectrum is the full range of electromagnetic radiation, organized by frequency or wavelength.

38
Q

The different colours of light are due to the different ____________.

A

Wavelengths

39
Q

Note: Different colours will appear when white light is shone through a prism. This shows that white light is not one colour but many colours mixed.

A

Understood?

40
Q

Transparent meaning?

A

When a light source can pass through another completely

41
Q

Translucent meaning?

A

When some light is able to pass through a material

42
Q

Opaugue meaning?

A

When a light source is completely blocked from passing through a material.

43
Q

What do we do on cold days?
(This may seem like an easy question but there is more to it)

A

We want to retain the heat on cold days so we dress in ‘warm clothes’. Actually, it is not the clothes that are warm, they act as a barrier to retain the heat from leaving our bodies.

44
Q

Which cells can detect an increase in temperature?

A

Nerve cells

45
Q

Note: Heat ALWAYS moves from warmer objects to colder objects.

A

Understood?

46
Q

What are the three types of ways heat can be transferred?

A
  • Conduction
  • Convection
  • Radiaiton
47
Q

What is Conduction?

A

Conduction of heat energy is the process where heat energy is transferred through direct contact between objects

48
Q

How does a hot air balloon work?

A

When the pilot turns on the burner, the air inside the balloon gets hot and begins to rise, the particles also expand and therefore makes it less dense than the air around it causing it to float.

49
Q

What is Convection?

A

The circular motion that happens when warmer air or liquid — which has faster-moving molecules, making it less dense — rises, while the cooler air or liquid drops down.

50
Q

What is radiation?

A

Radiation os the process of heat transfer through electromagnetic waves.

Samarthy's flashcards 🥳 (8 decks)

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