Energy Flashcards
1
Q
Thermodynamics
A
- The study of energy transfer that we can measure in the macroscopic words
- Does not make any assumptions about the microscopic world (like KMT)
- Heat transfers until thermal equilibrium is established
- ΔT measures energy transfer
2
Q
Energy
A
- The capacity to do work or produce heat
- Most energy can be exchanged between objects through contact
3
Q
Work
A
Form of energy based on moving an object over a distance
4
Q
Heat
A
- The form of energy that flows betweem 2 objects because of their difference in temperature
- Quantity of hotness (mass + speed)
- Thermal energy
5
Q
Temperature
A
Average kinetic energy
6
Q
What is a calorie
A
- heat required to raise ttemp of 1.00 g of H2O by 1.0 °C
7
Q
Units of energy
- cal –> kcal
- kcal –> Cal
- cal –> joules
A
- 1000 cal = 1 kcal
- 1 kcal = 1 Calorie (a food “calorie”)
- 1 cal = 4.184 joules
8
Q
First law of thermodynamics
A
The total energy content of the univerws is constant
9
Q
Potential energy
A
Stored energy that an object has by virtue of its position or compsotion
10
Q
Kinetic energy
A
energy of motion or energy of a reaction
11
Q
5 forms of energy (PE or KE)
A
- Electrical - KE
- Heat / thermal energy - KE
- Light / radiant energy - KE
- Nuclear - PE
- Chemical - PE
12
Q
Internal energy
A
- sum of all forms of KE (motion of atoms/molecules) and PE (rep by tthe chemical bonds and IMFs) in a system
- E = internal energy
- E = PE + KE
13
Q
System
A
The object under study
14
Q
Surroundings
A
Everything outside the system
15
Q
Direcionality of heat transfer
A
- Heat always transfers from hoter objec to cooler one
