Energetic adaptations

Question 1

How does eating a large meal before exercise/game inhibit performance?

Answer 1

10% of all energy consumed goes to food breakdown
– Should you eat a large meal before exercise?? Why?
* Blood shunt (explain) * Gastric reflux

Blood Flow Redistribution:
Digestion requires a significant amount of blood flow to the digestive system. When you consume a large meal, more blood is redirected to the stomach and intestines to aid in digestion. This can lead to reduced blood flow to the muscles that are actively involved in exercise.
Limited blood flow to working muscles can result in decreased oxygen and nutrient delivery, potentially impairing performance.

Question 2

If someone is interested in losing weight, what benefit would exercising twice a day at 30 minutes each have over exercising at just once a day for 1 hour?

Question 3

You are a fitness trainer and a client asks you what would be THE best exercise for burning calories to lose weight. Briefly, what would your response be to that question?

Question 4

Explain how body surface area and adipose tissue influence metabolic rate.

Question 5

Explain the three categories (using examples) of fatigue as described in class? Explain things you can do to minimize the effects/rate of fatigue for an athlete during a race/game/practice as per our class discussion?

Answer 5

3 categories:
1. Metabolic Fatigue
– Depleted energy substrates in the muscle
* Ie. low creatine or glycogen
2. Inhibitory Sensory Feedback
– Altered pH (7.1)
* Ie. H+ ions (< 6.9)
3. Mental (Central) Fatigue
– Lowered motor unit activation from reduced motivation
* Psychological fatigue or reduced motivation

ways to avoid:
1. Increase Energy Stores
– Consume energy during exercise * Examples
– Maximize glycogen stores * CarbLoading(explain)
2. Minimize Effect of By-products
– Lactate flushing (but during exercise?)
– Sensory accommodation training
– Adequate electrolytes to help buffer H+ions
* NaHCO3 (bicarbonate)
3. Motivate
– Avoid over-trained state
– Music or Food/Drink at the proper time

Question 6

Identify/Explain aerobic training adaptations that occur in skeletal muscle

Question 7

Identify/Explain anaerobic energy system training adaptations that occur in skeletal muscle

Question 8

Explain “Time Motion Analysis” and using an example describe how it is a useful tool for exercise physiologists?