Enemy Attack and Terrorist Use of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Weapons

Question 1

Chemical agents are chemical substances intended for military use to kill, seriously injure or incapacitate. How are they categorized?

Answer 1

according to the physiological effects.

Question 2

List the 6 categories of chemical agents

Answer 2

1) Lung-damaging agents (choking); 2) blister agents; 3) blood agents; 4) incapacitating agents; 5) nerve agents; and 6) toxic industrial chemicals.

Question 3

Biological agents are microorganisms, toxins derived from them, that cause disease exclusively in personnel. T/F

Answer 3

False (also cause disease in plants or animals)

Question 4

Biological agents include viruses, bacteria, fungi and toxins cultured from living organisms. In what forms can they be found?

Answer 4

liquid droplets, aerosols, or dry powders

Question 5

What kind of radiation, such as light, radio frequency emissions and microwaves, generally produces heat when it interacts with the human body?

Answer 5

non-ionizing

Question 6

Ionizing radiation produces ion when it interacts with ___, altering and destroying the cell processes and structures necessary for normal cell function in the human body.

Answer 6

matter

Question 7

A radiological __ device can spread radioactive material without a nuclear detonation.

Answer 7

dispersal

Question 8

Dirty bombs function by using conventional explosives to scatter radioactive source debris over a large area. T/F

Answer 8

False (scatter over a relatively small area)

Question 9

Nuclear weapons can be detonated at various altitudes, including subsurface, surface, airburst or high altitude. T/F

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Each type of nuclear burst has a different level of __ ratio in regard to ionizing radiation, thermal radiation, blast/shock and ballistic debris.

Answer 10

Hazard

Question 11

Toxic industrial material hazards consist of toxic industrial chemicals, biological and radiological material. What type of hazard do most of them present?

Answer 11

a vapor hazard

Question 12

Are a protective mask, ensemble and military standard collective protection filter designed to protect you from toxic industrial materials?

Answer 12

no

Question 13

What directs the proper individual protective postures in a Chemical, Biological, Radioligcal, and Nuclear (CBRN) environment?

Answer 13

Command and theater-specific instructions

Question 14

What is the best immediate protective equipment against chemical agents - regardless of the type of agent, concentration or method of attack?

Answer 14

the ground crew ensemble

Question 15

What is the ground crew ensemble?

Answer 15

A whole-body system that defends the wearer against chemical-biological warfare agents, toxins and radiogical particulate.

Question 16

What components comprise individual protection, such as the ground crew ensemble?

Answer 16

a protective mask with filters,
over-garments,
protective gloves and footwear, 
M8 and M9 detector paper
reactive skin, decontamination lotion, 
m296 decontamination kits

Question 17

Who issues nerve agent antidotes, pre-treatment and pyridostigmine bromide tablets during increased readiness?

Answer 17

medical representatives

Question 18

During or after a CBRN event, personnel may have to shelter-in place if the type or extent of the hazard is __ or evacuation would be dangerous.

Answer 18

unknown

Question 19

During a CBRN event, collective protection systems allow occupants to work or rest in the facility without wearing protective gear. T/F

Answer 19

true

Question 20

What are some of the CBRN preparedness actions that Airmen should know well before a CBRN attack?

Answer 20

1. actions associated with alarm conditions
2. MOPP
3. split MOPP
4. contamination control

Question 21

Why does the AF use a standardized alarm system and MOPP levels?

Answer 21

to communicate the appropriate defense posture for in-place forces to transition to wartime CBRN operations.

Question 22

What tactic allows the commander to divide an installation or operating location into two or more CBRN zones?

Answer 22

Split MOPP

Question 23

During split MOPP, what controls movement between one zone and another?

Answer 23

unit control centers

Question 24

A voice announcement indicates Alarm Green. What does it mean and what actions should be taken?

Answer 24

Attack is not probable.
MOPP 0
normal wartime conditions

Question 25

A voice announcement indicates Alarm Yellow. What does it mean and what actions should be taken?

Answer 25

Attack is probable in fewer than 30 minutes. MOPP 2 protect and cover assets seek protective shelther

Question 26

A waverng siren indicates Alarm Red. What does it mean and what actions should be taken?

Answer 26

Air attack is imminent or in progress. seek immediate protection MOPP 4 report observed attacks

Question 27

The bugle call "To Arms" indicates Alarm Red. What does it mean and what actions should be taken?

Answer 27

``` Attack by ground forces is imminent or in progress. immediate cover MOPP 4 defending self and position report activity ```

Question 28

A steady siren indicates Alarm Black. What does it mean and what actions should be taken?

Answer 28

``` Attack is over. CBRN contamination and/pr unexploded ordnance are suspected or present. MOPP 4 self aid or buddy care remain under overhead cover ```

Question 29

Alarm signals and MOPP level changes come to the command pot from the Crisis Action Team. What are they based on?

Answer 29

The Emergency Operations Center's recommendations

Question 30

What reporting method should use to immediately report attacks or enemy personnel movement up your chain of command?

Answer 30

The SALUTE reporting method.

Question 31

What information is contained in the SALUTE report?

Answer 31

``` Size Activity Location Unit Time Equipment ```

Question 32

List 4 important actions to take while recovering from a CBRN attack?

Answer 32

1. minimize personnel exposure to post-attack hazards 2. treat causalities 3. assess damage 4. control contamination

Question 33

After a CBRN attack, the installation commander forwards unit survey information to the Emergency Operations Center. T/F

Answer 33

False. (the unit control center forwards it)

Question 34

The Emergency Operations Center is the primary Command and Control (C2) function for collecting and consolidating post-attack information. T/F

Answer 34

true

Question 35

What is the most effective method of chemical agent decontamination from the skin?

Answer 35

the reactive skin decontamination lotion and M295 decontamination kits

Question 36

How does the chemically contaminated object rule provide guidance for protecting personnel?

Answer 36

by specifying the type of individual protective equipment required.

Question 37

Protective measures are taken in stages equal to the urgency and nature of the threat. These measures include evacuation and exposure control. Name several other protective measures.

Answer 37

relocation contamination control warning and notification sheltering in place