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MCB 2050 > Endomembrane System Part 2 - Golgi > Flashcards

Endomembrane System Part 2 - Golgi Flashcards

1
Q

who discovered the Golgi complex

A

Camillo Golgi

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2
Q

morphology of Golgi complex

A

complex/stack of flattened, membrane bound cisternae with dilated edges and numerous associated tubules and vesicles

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3
Q

what does the number and distribution of golgi complexes vary between

A

different cell types

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4
Q

what does the mammalian cell typically contain

A

one large golgi complex near centre of cell

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5
Q

what do plant and yeast cells typically contain

A

several golgi complexes located throughout cell

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6
Q

what does the golgi complex have due to the several subcompartments

A

distinct polarity both structurally and functionally

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7
Q

where is the cis-golgi network located

A

cis face of golgi complex

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8
Q

what does the CGN consist of

A

complex interconnected network of tubules and vesicles adjacent to ERES

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9
Q

what is the CGN the initial destination for

A

COPII transport vesicles from ERES

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10
Q

what do incoming vesicles do in the TGN

A

fuse to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules

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11
Q

what does the CGN serve as

A

a sorting station

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12
Q

what is the CGN a destination for

A
  1. acceptor compartment of COPII vesicles coming forward from ERES to CGN (anterograde transport)
  2. COPI vesicles moving back from next subcompartment of golgi (retrograde transport)
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13
Q

what is the CGN the site of

A
  1. COPI vesicle assembly for transport back from CGN to ER (retrograde)
  2. forward transport as CGN matures into next subcompartment of Golgi (anterograde)
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14
Q

3 main sections of golgi cisternae

A

cis
medial
trans

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15
Q

what are cisternae the site for

A

golgi metabolism

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16
Q

where is the trans golgi network (TGN) located

A

trans face of golgi complex

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17
Q

what is the trans golgi network

A

interconnected network of tubules and vesicles

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18
Q

what does the TGN serve as

A

sorting station

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19
Q

what does TGN sort

A

forward transport as previous subcompartment of golgi matures into TGN

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20
Q

what is the TGN the site for

A
  1. clathrin coat vesicle assembly for anterograde transport from TGN to endosomes
  2. secretory vesicle and secretory granule assembly for anterograde transport to pm
  3. COPI vesicle assembly for transport back to golgi trans cisternae
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21
Q

structure of golgi

A

CGN
cis-cisternal
medial cisternae
trans cisternae
TGN

22
Q

what is the organization of the golgi complex mediated by

A

golgi matrix

23
Q

what does the golgi matrix consist of

A

various golgi peripheral and integral membrane proteins

24
Q

what does the golgi matrix’s cytoplasmic facing domain do

A

interact to form scaffold that links everything together

25
Q

what do GRASPS serve as

A

tethering proteins to link different golgi sub compartments together

26
Q

what else does the golgi matrix link the golgi complex to

A

cytoskeleton

27
Q

main golgi complex function

A

glycosylation

28
Q

what are most glycoproteins that move through the golgi subjected to

A

additional glycosylation reactions

29
Q

what is completed in the golgi complex

A

N-linked glycosylation

30
Q

what do cis, medial and trans golgi cisternae possess that modify glycoprotein’s N-linked core oligosaccharides

A

unique glycosyltransferase and glycosidase enzymes

31
Q

what do the golgi cisternae act as

A

an assembly line where core oligosaccharides on proteins get modified sequentially by different enzymes in each subcompartment

32
Q

what does alpha-mannosidase I in cis cisternae do

A

removes 3 mannose sugars from core oligosaccharide in glycoprotein

33
Q

what is another main function of the golgi complex

A

M6P sorting signal

34
Q

what do other modifications to oligosaccharide core in golgi complex serve as

A

sorting signal for lysosome

35
Q

what occurs with mannose-6-phosphate (M6P)

A

in cis-cisternal, mannose units in core oligosaccharides of soluble proteins destined for lysosomes are phosphorylated

36
Q

what does M6P serve as

A

a signal patch for soluble lysosomal protein targeting

37
Q

what does N-acetylglucosamine phosphotransferase recognize

A

unique sequences in lysosomal-destined proteins

38
Q

what does the addition of M6P resides prevent

A

lysosomal-destines proteins from being subjected to N-linked glycosylation reactions

39
Q

what occurs to proteins without M6P

A

packaged at TGN into secretory transport vesicles/granules destined for plasma membrane/extracellular or reside in golgi

40
Q

what occurs to proteins with M6P

A

packaged at TGN into clathrin coated transport vesicle to endosomes vis the M6P receptor and biosynthesic pathway

41
Q

what is the signal patch that M6P groups serve as

A

targeting signal consisting of specific 3D arrangement of molecules on folded protein’s surface

42
Q

what is the cisternal progression/maturation model

A

what each subcompartment matures into: cis–>medial–>trans->TGN

43
Q

what does is mean that golgi sub compartments are dynamic structures

A

each subcompartment continually moves forward from cis to trans side of golgi - mediated by golgi matrix

44
Q

what changes while moving through the golgi complex

A

composition of each subcompartment

45
Q

how does the golgi complex persist

A

because COPI transport vesicles continually move resident golgi proteins back to proper subcompartment

46
Q

what gets excluded from COPI vesicles

A

cargo destined for post-Golgi compartment in endomembrane system

47
Q

what do clathrin coated vesicles from TGN target

A

with M6P-bearing protein cargo, target endosomes

48
Q

what do secretory vesicles from TGN target to

A

plasma membrane

49
Q

what do secretory granules from TGN target

A

eventually plasma membrane

50
Q

what do COPI-coated vesicles from TGN target to

A

back to trans golgi cisternae

MCB 2050 (11 decks)

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