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Endo > Endodontic Isolation & File I.D. > Flashcards

Endodontic Isolation & File I.D. Flashcards

1
Q

The rubber dam protects the patient from…

A

swallowing or aspirating instruments and materials

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2
Q

The dental dam is defined as the…

A

standard of care

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3
Q

Effective isolation is crucial to…

A
  • RCT Success
  • Patient Protection
  • Provider Protection
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4
Q

NEVER place anything small enough to be swallowed or aspirated into the mouth without…

A

the protection of an effective dental dam

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5
Q

It is simply impossible to eliminate micro-organisms in the presence of _________ with its multitude of micro-organisms

A

saliva

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6
Q

ONLY a properly applied Dental Dam can insure the absence of ________ in the surgical field

A

saliva

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7
Q

__________ Contamination turns out to be a major factor in controlling Aerosol danger of droplet contamination in dental treatment.

A

Salivary

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8
Q

What can happen if saliva contamination?

A

potential for life threatening cellulitis by introducing additional micro-organisms which can greatly complicate the infection.

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9
Q

____% NaOCl is commonly used for flushing out debris and cleaning the prepared canal system.

A

8.3

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10
Q

If ______ is not effectively sealed by your dam placement, you can be assured that NaOCl will leak into the mouth as you irrigate.

A

saliva

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11
Q

What should be placed on all clamps to avoid accidental loss of clasp into esophagus or trachea?

A

safety ligature (floss)

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12
Q

Non-latex Nitrile Dam is available in the Clinic and is necessary to prevent problems arising from…

A

latex allergies

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13
Q

How many teeth do you dam for endo?

A

Isolate ONLY the tooth to be treated IF POSSIBLE

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14
Q

Whatever approach you take, Leave Rubber Dam & Frame ON when taking…

A

Radiographs

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15
Q

The _____________ Clamp useful for most anterior teeth and even for some premolars.

A

“Butterfly” Labial

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16
Q

Rubber dam clamp #____ is designed for an anterior tooth.

A

212

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17
Q

The use of a winged clamp allows…

A

clamp and dam to be safely placed as a single unit.

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18
Q

Once the Dam is securely placed below the height of contour of the tooth, it is necessary to…

A

push the dam off the wings of the clamp

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19
Q

Here’s where the Clamp should rest at the cervical line below the _______________ to be adequately retained.

A

height of contour

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20
Q

Even after the Dam is released from the wings of the clamp, it may be necessary to use some type of ______________ to caulk around the tooth to insure isolation.

A

sealing agent

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21
Q

What is the caulk-seal agent used in UMKC?

A

Oraseal® by Ultradent

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22
Q

If unable to achieve 100% effective isolation of the tooth to be treated:

A
  • Provisionally restore tooth to obtain isolation base
  • Clinical Crown lengthening procedure
  • Refer to endodontic specialist.
  • If none of the above works consider alterante treatment modality
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23
Q

If you cannot place an effective rubber dam, you…

A

cannot do a RCT on the tooth.

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24
Q

A badly broken down tooth often cannot be isolated following complete caries removal. How can you fix this?

A

first do a build-up before RCT

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25
Q

Sometimes a badly broken down tooth requiring RCT is covered over with…

A

hyperplastic gingiva

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26
Q

It may be possible to excise hyperplastic gingiva with…

A

electrosurgery, laser, or conventional surgery

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27
Q

Why are there different types of files?

A
  • Each file type has unique attributes
  • Each file type can benefit us in a specific way when used correctly
  • Each type is important to consistent RCT success
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28
Q

What are the features of a stainless steel hand file?

A
  • Takes a sharper edge
  • Is fairly flexible up to #20
  • Can be pre-curved easily to negotiate very curved canals (Retains the shape)
  • Increases geometrically in stiffness as diameter increases
  • Efficient when used by hand
  • Separates if overused or abused, usually with some warning
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29
Q

What are the features of a nickel-titatnium motor driven?

A
  • Edge not as sharp (Motor driven for efficient shaping)
  • Is extremely flexible (super elastic but difficult to pre-curve)
  • Has nearly perfect shape memory (will NOT hold a curve)
  • Works efficiently in engine driven handpieces
  • Separates if overused or abused, usually with NO warning
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30
Q

An SS K-type hand file is made of…

A

twisted tapered Stainless Steel Wire having a square, triangular or diamond shaped cross section

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31
Q

Basically SSK Hand Files are…

A

SCREWS

32
Q

What type of file is this?

A

SS K-type hand file

33
Q

Continual clockwise rotation will cause an SS K-type hand file to…

A
  • Screw itself to & out the end of the root . . . or
  • Become locked in dentin and fracture
34
Q

The SSK Hand File is nothing more than a slightly tapered screw and it will behave pretty much the same as any screw EXCEPT…

A

it can be easily fractured (especially in smaller sizes) when it is locked in dentin and torque continues

35
Q

Counterclockwise rotation of an SSK hand file will generally…

A

unlock the engagement in dentin

36
Q

What are SSK hand files used for?

A

Hand Files are basic to endodontic shaping. They are essential for:
-Scouting the canal (#10 or #08)
- Creating a Glide Path (#10 to patency and #15 to WL only)
- Bypassing a ledge, blockage or separated instrument
- Gaining length

37
Q

Hand Files used will be _________________ sizes for most cases but also larger sizes if doing Serial Step Back for larger canal gauges.

A

10 and maybe #15

38
Q

Hand Files generally come in sizes…

A

.08 to .140

39
Q

What is the color order of the SSK hand files?

A

grey, purple, white, yellow, red, blue, green, black

  • sometimes ignore grey and purple
40
Q

Hand Files are typically supplied in ___________ mm lengths.

A

21, 25, and 31

41
Q

No matter the length of the hand file, the fluted portion of the file is ___mm long

A

16mm

42
Q

All standardized K-Type hand files are ____ Taper

A

.02

43
Q

D0 to D16, the diameter increases regularly by ____ mm in diameter for each 1mm. that one travels from D0 toward D16.

A

.02

44
Q

If we look at a .10 file, the diameter at D0 is ___mm. diameter.

A

.10 mm

45
Q

If we look at a .10 file, the diameter at D0 is .10mm diameter. At D1 (1mm Back from the tip), the diameter increases .02mm and now becomes ____mm Diameter

A

.12mm

46
Q

What are the sizes of hand files from white, yellow, red, blue, green, and black?

A

.15 .20 .25 .30 .35 .40
starts over
.45 .50 .55 .60 .70 .80

47
Q

If an SSK hand file is bent too sharply what can happen?

A

it cannot be bent back to a useful shape and must be discarded before placing in a tooth

48
Q

HAND FILES are BASICto all RCT and their use must be __________ to enjoy RCT success.

A

MASTERED

49
Q

Hand Files can ______ within the canal when mistreated

A

BREAK

50
Q

HAND FILES are probably the __________ intra-canal instrument that we have in our arsenal when used in a watch-winding motion

A

SAFEST

51
Q

HAND FILES give us the GREATEST ____________ of all intra-canal shaping instruments and serve as Pathfinders & basic instrumentation to negotiate Canal Curves & Blockages.

A

TACTILE SENSE

52
Q

Don’t go to the next larger file until you have worked the smaller file to the point that the next larger file goes to the desired length…

A

WITHOUT PUSHING

53
Q

Never place a STRAIGHT file in a _______ canal

A

curved

54
Q

Gently curve ____ hand files when entering a canal

A

ALL

55
Q

Try to match or slightly exceed the greatest curve you observe in the…

A

radiograph of the canal

56
Q

If you slightly exceed the curvature of the canal, the file (upon insertion) will track the _____ wall of the curve and be conformed to the actual curve of the canal

A

inner

57
Q

If you place a straight file in a curved canal,(remember ALL canals are curved) the file will track the ______ wall of the curve and gouge the canal at that point creating what we call a ___________

A

outer
Ledge

58
Q

Why is a ledge a bad thing?

A

it may be difficult or impossible to regain the true canal as subsequent file insertions tend to more easily follow the path of the Ledge

59
Q

What can happen if you force a file from a ledge?

A

lead from a ledge to a root perforation or separated instrument and probable failure of the case

60
Q

When a scouting file fails to advance but is LOOSE in the canal what does that mean?

A

not push but simply realize that the canal takes a bend at this point

61
Q

What do you do if a scouting file fails to advance but is loose?

A

place a 45˚ bend in the most terminal flutes

62
Q

Once the path is discovered to patency, it may be smoothed and carefully enlarged (#15) as a…

A

“Glide Path”

63
Q

Hand Files are the ONLY way to ______ a canal.

A

“scout”

64
Q

________ are the ONLY way to bypass a ledge or separated instrument.

A

Hand Files

65
Q

Hand Files are the ONLY way to negotiate and smooth a tight curve to smooth the…

A

Glide Path or to Regain Lost Length

66
Q

Most engine driven reciprocal and rotary files are made of…

A

Nickel Titanium (Ni-Ti) and related Alloys

67
Q

What makes the engine driven reciprocal and rotary files useful?

A
  • quality of performing in a “Super-Elastic” manner
  • Easily follow a smoothly created “Glide Path” and immediately return to their designed shape when stress is removed
68
Q

What is a downside of wave one gold files?

A

They tend to PUSH MATERIAL AHEAD of the file

69
Q

Wave one gold files are used in 3 passes to PREVENT…

A

pushing debris out the end of the root where it would cause inflammation

70
Q

What type of file are wave one gold files?

A

MOTOR-DRIVEN RECIPROCAL FILES

71
Q

The .25/.12 Vortex Rotary Ni-Ti File is a ______________ file used to perfect straight-line access in the Wave One Technique following the 2nd (Mid-root) pass.

A

orifice opening

72
Q

What is the maximum flute diameter of a .25/.12 Vortex Rotary Ni-Ti File (size #120)?

A

1.20 mm

73
Q

The .25/.12 may not be appropriate to enlarge a __________ canal

A

smaller

74
Q

Vortex Blue files tip sizes are identified by the…

A

color of the ring

75
Q

The taper of the file is identified by the number of…

A

black bands

Endo (27 decks)

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