endocrinology (primary hyperparathyroidism) Flashcards

1
Q

what is the physiopathology of primary hyperparathyroidism

A

primary hyperparathyroidism is characterised by excessive autonomous PTH secretion usually by an adenoma of the parathyroid gland
- most cats with PHPT are affected by single parathyroid gland adenomas

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2
Q

how frequent is primary hyperparthyroidism in cats

A

this is a rare disease in cats

typically seen in older cats (most > 10 years of age)

Siamese cats may be predisposed

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3
Q

what are the clinical signs of PHPT

A

clinical signs are generally vague:
- lethargy
- anorexia
- vomiting
- less commonly PU/PD, weakness, muscle tremors and ataxia
- a palpable cervical mass may be present in up to 50% of cases

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4
Q

how is a diagnosis of PHPT made

A

demonstration of elevated total and ionised calcium concentrations along with high or normal (especially high-normal) PTH concentrations

hypophosphatemia would be predicted in primary hyperparathyroidism but concomitant renal disease is common and this will have a variable effect on phosphate levels

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5
Q

what is the treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism

A

surgical resection of the abnormal tissue is the treatment of choice but close post-operative monitoring is required as atrophy of healthy tissue may lead to temporary hypoparathyroidism

even if a palpable mass is not present, if blood results are consistent with primary hyperphosphatemia, exploratory cervical surgery is warranted

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