Endocrinology Flashcards
Addison’s disease
Atrophy of adrenal glands, decreased production of aldosterone
Decreased blood glucose, Na, and Cl
Increased K
Cushing syndrome
Cortisol lacks diurnal variation
Increased serum cortisol, decreased serum glucose
Weight gain in face/abdomen, Buffalo hump back, thin skin, bruising, hypertension, muscle wasting, decreased immune response
Epinephrine
Released when low blood pressure, hypoxia, cold exposure, muscle exertion, and pain
Secreted by medulla of adrenals
Stimulates glycogenolysis and lipolysis, voluntary muscles have greater work output
Inhibits secretion of insulin
Increase in blood glucose
Hormone changes in menstrual cycle
First half, FSH promotes growth of ovarian follicles and increase in estrogen
Estrogen peaks midcycle causing decrease in FSH and LH surge
LH triggers ovulation, followed by decrease in estrogen and LH
Follicle becomes corpus luteum, produces estrogen and progesterone
Lack of fertilization kills corpus luteum, decrease in estrogen and progesterone
Menstruation occurs
Triple screen
Screen for risk of Down syndrome
Decreased AFP and unconjugated estriol, increased hCG
Primary hypothyroidism indices
Decreased total T4, total T3, and free T4
Increased TSH
Secondary hypothyroidism indices
Decreased total T4, total T3, free T4, and TSH
Primary hyperthyroidism indices
Decreased TSH
Increased total T4, total T3, and free T4
Secondary hyperthyroidism indices
Increased total T4, total T3, free T4, and TSH