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G.I.t > Endocrinology > Flashcards

Endocrinology Flashcards

1
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Urine osmolality low
Plasma osmolality high

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2
Q

Long standing uncontrolled type 2 DM
Increased lethargic
Low mood
Nausea
Vomitting
Painful renal colic
Pth raised

A

Hyperplasia of parathyroid

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3
Q

Pth raised
End stage renal kidney disease

A

Hyperplasia of parathyroid gland

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4
Q

BP:160/92
Headaches
Palpitations
Sweats
Episodic

A

24 hour catecholamines
(Pheochromocytoma)

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5
Q

Pheochromocytoma
Palpitations
Headaches
Flushings

A

24 HR urinary collection catecholamines

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6
Q

Hip fracture
Fracture distal radius
T score dexa - 2.8( less than -2.5 lower)

A

(Osteoporosis)
Alendronic acid

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7
Q

Fbs-7.4
No Polydipsia or
Polyuria
No medical issues

A

2 fasting venous plasma glucose abnormal in asymptomatic to be diabetic

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8
Q

TSH is high
Lethargy
Dry skin

A

Hypothyroidism
Start levothyroxine

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9
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma lung
Confused
Lethargy
Weakness increased
Repeated falls

A

Intravenous, 0.9%, normal saline

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10
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma
PTH molecules production

A

Intravenous 0.9 % normal saline

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11
Q

Hypercalcemia

A

Shortening of QT interval

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12
Q

Confused
Lethargy
Increased weakness
Repeated falls

A

Hypercalcaemia
Iv 0.9% Normal saline

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13
Q

RTA
Trauma head
Thirst -polydypsia
Increased urination- polyuria
5 LTRs fluid per day
Urinate at night
Sodium - 154 (hypernatremia)
Creatnine- 80
eGFR ,>90

A

Plasma Osmalilty
Diabetes insipidus

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14
Q

Hypercalcemia>2.6
Osteoporosis or fractures

A

Parathyroidectomy

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15
Q

Excessive vomiting

A

Hypokalemia

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16
Q

Cushing’s disease

A

Bilateral adrenal enlarged

17
Q

Pain legs and hips
Hypocalcemia
Alp raised

A

Vitamin D supplements
Osteomalacia

18
Q

Hypothyroidism can cause

A

Hyperprolactinemia >450

19
Q

Vitamin D deficiency causes

A

Raised alp
Osteomalacia
Muscle aches

20
Q

Ace inhibitor causes

A

Hyperkalemia>5.5

21
Q

Pheochromocytoma
Raised BP
Raised HR
Profuse sweating
Which hormone is raised

A

Adrenaline

22
Q

Hyperaldosteronism
Investigation?

A

Aldosterone: renin ratio

23
Q

Worsening headaches
Visual disturbance
Lack energy
Prolactin raised
MRI 15mm tumor pituitary fossa
Carbogeline not effective
Treatment ?

A

Transphenoidal surgery

24
Q

Cushing’s syndrome

A

Overnight dexamethasone suppression test

25
Q

Heart failure
Diabetes

A

Empagliflozin
(Sglt -2 inhibitor)
Metformin

26
Q

Diabetic neuropathy

A

Dulexetine(selective re uptake inhibitor

27
Q

Calcium

G.I.t (5 decks)

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