Endocrine Workbook Flashcards
What hormone facilitates the uptake of glucose to the cells?
Insulin
Where is calcitonin secreted from?
Thyroid āCā cells
What hormone stimulates the production of insulin?
Gastrin
What are the four types of cells in the pancreatic islets? And what do they secrete?
Alpha - Glucagon
Beta - Insulin
Delta - Somatostatin
Pancreatic peptide - Metabolic and digestive enzymes
What is the principal action of parathyroid hormone?
Increases blood calcium levels
Name 4 adrenal gland hormones
Cortisol, aldosterone, adrenaline, DHEA
Define synergistic and additive hormonal effects
Synergistic: Hormones work together to achieve something eg. oestrogen and progesterone
Additive: Hormones work separately to achieve a result. e.g. Thyroxine and HGH
Define permissive effects
Permissive: the effects of one hormone increases the effect of another eg. thyroxine increases the receptivity of adrenaline receptors
Give an example of antagonistic effects
Glucagon and insulin are antagonists to maintain blood sugar homeostasis
Name 6 anterior pituitary hormones
Human growth hormone
Thyroid stimulating hormone
Adrenocorticotrophic
Prolactin
Follicle stimulating hormone
Luteinising hormone
Summarise the action of water soluble hormones
Using secondary messengers, the hormone will bind onto the surface and activate G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase to convert ATp to CAMP to trigger a cellular response.
What three places are lipid based hormones secreted?
Adrenal cortex, gonads and the placenta
What difference in function do lipid based hormones have to water soluble?
Longer lasting, slower, and they can activate specific gene processes
Where are peptide hormone receptors?
On the cell membrane
Give three examples of water soluble hormones
Adrenalin, glucagon, insulin
