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SCIENCE 10 > ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Q3 > Flashcards

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Q3 Flashcards

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1
Q

It is made up of glands and the hormones they secrete.

A

endocrine system

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2
Q

what are the 8 primary HORMONE producers of the endocrine glands

A

brain
heart
lungs
liver
gastrointestinal mucosa
placenta
skin
thymus

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3
Q

what is the master gland of the endocrine glands.

A

pituitary

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4
Q

It is the chemical transmitter. It is released in small amounts from the glands, and is transported in the bloodstream to target organs or other cells. These are the chemical messengers.

A

Hormones

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5
Q

This can regulate growth development, mood, tissue, function, metabolism and sexual function.

A

Hormones

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6
Q

Homeostasis meaning?

A

balance

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7
Q

Is a collection of specialized cells located in the brain. It is the primary link between the two systems. Produces chemicals that either stimulate or suppress hormone secretions of the pituitary gland.

A

Hypothalamus

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8
Q

essential for the growth and development of bones, muscles, and other organs.

A

Growth Hormone (GH)

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9
Q

essential for the growth of the adrenal cortex.

A

Adrenocorticotropin

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10
Q

essential for the growth and development of the thyroid gland.

A

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

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11
Q

it is a gonadotropic hormone

A

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

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12
Q

This stimulates the growth ovarian follicles in the female and the production of sperm in the male.

A

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

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13
Q

a gonadotropic hormone stimulating the development of corpus luteum in the female ovarian follicles and the production of testosterone in the male.

A

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

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14
Q

What is the hormone of a male.

A

Testosterone

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15
Q

What are the hormones of a female

A

Estrogen
Progesterone

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16
Q

stimulates the development and growth of the mammary glands and milk production during pregnancy.

A

Prolactin (PRL)

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17
Q

regulates skin pigmentation and promotes the deposit of melanin in the skin after exposure to sunlight

A

Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (MSH)

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18
Q

stimulates the reabsorption of water by the renal tubules. Hyposecretion of this hormone can result in diabetes insipidus.

A

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

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19
Q

stimulates the uterus

A

Oxytocin

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20
Q

Synthetic version of oxytocin

A

Pitocin

21
Q

effect on sleep/awake cycles and other biological events connected to them, such as a lower production of gastric secretions at night.

A

Melatonin

22
Q

a neurotransmitter that regulates intestinal movements and affects appetite, mood, sleep, anger, and metabolism.

A

Serotonin

23
Q

Also called as the “happy hormone”

A

Serotonin

24
Q

Which plays a vital role in metabolism and regulates the body’s metabolic processes.

A

Thyroid gland

25
Q

influences bone and calcium metabolism; maintains a homeostasis of calcium in the blood plasma

A

Calcitonin

26
Q

essential to BMR – basal metabolic rate (the rate at which a person’s body burns calories while at rest); influences physical/mental development and growth

A

Thyroxine (T4)
Triodothyronine (T3)

27
Q

In HYPERSECRETION of T3 and T4 what happens?

A

causes grave’s disease, goiter, basedow’s disease

28
Q

In HYPOSECRETION of T3 and T4 what happens?

A

causes cretinism, myxedema, hashimoto’s disease

29
Q

Which hormones gets secreted that plays a role in the metabolism of phosphorus.

A

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

30
Q

The _______________ are small clusters of cells located in the pancreas.

A

islets of Langerhans

31
Q

Beta cells secrete the hormone ________, which is essential for the maintenance of normal blood sugar levels.

A

insulin

32
Q

What happens if the alpha cells facilitate the breakdown of glycogen to glucose?

A

elevates the blood sugar

33
Q

The triangular-shaped adrenal glands are located on the top of each kidney. The INSIDE is called ________ and the OUTSIDE LAYER is called the ________.

A

medulla;cortex

34
Q

regulates carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism; has an anti-inflammatory effect; helps the body cope during times of stress

A

cortisol

35
Q

like cortisol, it is a steroid; influences potassium and sodium metabolism

A

Corticosterone

36
Q

essential in regulating electrolyte and water balance by promoting sodium and chloride retention and potassium excretion.

A

Aldosterone

37
Q

several hormones including testosterone; they promote the development of secondary sex characteristics in the male.

A

androgens

38
Q

is used to treat shock. It dilates the arteries, elevates systolic blood pressure, increases cardiac output, and increases urinary output.

A

Dopamine

39
Q

It elevates systolic blood pressure, increases heart rate and cardiac output, speeds up the release of glucose from the liver. It is often used to counteract an allergic reaction

A

Epinephrine or adrenaline

40
Q

is released when the body is under stress. creates the underlying influence in the fight or flight response. As a drug, however, it actually triggers a drop in heart rate.

A

Norepinephrine

41
Q

___________ is essential for the growth, development, and maintenance of female sex organs

A

Estrogen

42
Q

It prepares the uterus for pregnancy, promotes the development of mammary glands, plays a role in sex drive,
develop secondary sex characteristics in the female.

A

estrogen and progesterone

43
Q

____________ is essential for normal growth and development of the male sex organs. is responsible for the erection of the penis.

A

testosterone

44
Q

During pregnancies, it serves as an endocrine gland. It produces chorionic gonadotropin hormone, estrogen, and progesterone

A

placenta

45
Q

The mucosa of the pyloric area of the stomach secretes the hormone _________, which stimulates the production of gastric acid for digestion.

A

gastrin

46
Q

how many lobes does the thymus have?

A

two lobes

47
Q

____________ is a ductless gland, and secretes __________. It is necessary for the thymus normal production of T cells for the immune system.

A

Thymus;thymosin

48
Q

What are the primary GLAND producers

A

Pituitary
Pineal
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Islets of Langerhan
Ovaries
Testes

SCIENCE 10 (4 decks)

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