Endocrine system part 2

Question 1

Most important hormone secreted by the thyroid

Answer 1

Thyroxin

Question 2

essential element needed for the production of thyroxin

Answer 2

iodine

Question 3

low levels of iodine can cause

Answer 3

goitre

Question 4

Functions of thyroxin

Answer 4

Increases the basal metabolic rate.

Control cellular respiration.

Promotes normal functioning of the heart.

Promotes normal functioning of the nervous system - increases nervous activity and sharpens alertness and reflexes.

Question 5

BMR

Answer 5

amount of energy the body needs at rest

Question 6

Hypothyroidism

Answer 6

too little thyroxin

Question 7

Hypothyroidism effects

Answer 7

Low metabolic rate.
Cretinism.
-floppy infant, thick, protruding tongue, poor feeding, choking episodes, constipation, short stature.
In adults causes myxoedema.
Increased deposition of connective tissue components.

Question 8

Myxoedema

Answer 8

condition of mental and physical sluggishness (low blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate)

Question 9

how can myxoedema be treated

Answer 9

can be treated by the addition of dietary iodine

Question 10

Cretinism

Answer 10

condition of severely stunted physical and mental growth due to untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid hormones (congenital hypothyroidism) usually due to maternal hypothyroidism

Question 11

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 11

too much thyroxin

Question 12

Hyperthyroidism effects

Answer 12

Causes a high metabolic rate.

High body temperature.

Increased heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate.

Muscular tremor and nervousness.

Swollen thyroid gland - exopthalmic goitre.

Weight loss.

Question 13

what is secretion of thyroxin is regulated by

Answer 13

a negative feedback mechanism