Endocrine system (multiple choice)

Question 1

The endocrine system includes one of the following glands:

The lacrimal glands

The sebaceous glands

The adrenal glands

The mammary glands

Answer 1

The adrenal glands

Question 2

Which of the following is an endocrine secretion?

Pancreatic juice

Sebum

Gastrin

Pepsinogen

Answer 2

Gastrin

Question 3

Lipid soluble hormones like the steroid hormones

Are produced in full by the liver

Are water soluble

Have G protein extracellular membrane receptors

Have intracellular receptors

Answer 3

Have intracellular receptors

Question 4

Hormones are

All made of protein

Some made of protein and some cholesterol- based lipids

Some made of protein, others cholesterol- based lipids and others a mixture of protein and other elements

None of the above

Answer 4

Some made of protein, others cholesterol- based lipids and others a mixture of protein and other elements

Question 5

An example of a hypothalamic hormone is below

GnRH

FSH

ACTH

LH

Answer 5

GnRH

Question 6

An example of a hypothalamic hormone that will be stored in the posterior pituitary is:

Prolactin

ADH

ACTH

GnRH

Answer 6

ADH

Question 7

The neurons from the hypothalamus that deliver hypothalamic hormones to the Anterior pituitary are:

Short neurons that deposit their cargo to blood vessels destined for the anterior pituitary

Short neurons that deposit their cargo to blood vessels destined for the pituitary lobes

Long neurons that deposit their cargo to blood vessels

Long neurons that deposit their cargo directly into the posterior lobe.

Answer 7

Short neurons that deposit their cargo to blood vessels destined for the anterior pituitary

Question 8

Thyroid hormones are:

Thyroxine (T3 and T4) plus calcitriol

Thyroxine (T3 and T4) plus calmodulin

Thyroxine (T3 and T4) plus calcium

Thyroxine (T3 and T4) plus calcitonin

Answer 8

Thyroxine (T3 and T4) plus calcitonin

Question 9

The adrenal medulla produces

Adrenalin

Adrenalin and cortisol

Cortisol

ACTH

Answer 9

Adrenalin

Question 10

Which is true of the hormone insulin

It is made in the pancreatic Islets by the alpha cells and its purpose is to reduce circulating glucose by allowing its entry into the cells and liver.

It is made in the pancreatic Islets by the beta cells and its purpose is to reduce circulating glucose by allowing its entry into the cells and liver.

It is made in the pancreatic duct and its purpose is to increase circulating glucose by converting glycogen in the liver, back to glucose.

It is made in the clear cells of the pancreas and its purpose is to increase circulating glucose by converting glycogen in the muscles, back to glucose.

Answer 10

It is made in the pancreatic Islets by the beta cells and its purpose is to reduce circulating glucose by allowing its entry into the cells and liver.

Question 11

Which of the following is true of calcitonin

Calcitonin inhibits osteoclasts, so prevents a rise in circulating calcium.

Calcitonin enhances the action of osteoblasts so increases circulating calcium.

PTH and Calcitonin inhibit osteoblasts, so prevents a raise in circulating calcium.

Calcitonin increases calcium absorption at the small intestine and prevents loss of calcium via the kidney.

Answer 11

Calcitonin inhibits osteoclasts, so prevents a rise in circulating calcium.

Question 12

Thymosin is produced by the:

Thyroid, follicular cells

Thymus thymic epithelial cells

Adrenal cortex zona fasciculata

Thyroglobulin follicles

Answer 12

Thymus thymic epithelial cells

Question 13

The pineal gland produces

Cortisol

Melanin

Melatonin

Leptin

Answer 13

Melatonin

Question 14

Thyroxine is responsible for influencing which of the following organelles in the target cells:

Nucleus

Lysosome

Golgi apparatus

Mitochondria

Answer 14

Mitochondria

Question 15

Hormonal and neuronal mechanisms are classed as:

Transport processes

International communication processes

Pheromonal processes

Nutritional processes

Answer 15

International communication processes

Question 16

Aldosterone is produced by

The kidney

The adrenal cortex

The adrenal medulla

The thyroid

Answer 16

The adrenal cortex

Question 17

The kidney produces

ADH

Erythropoietin

Aldosterone

The kidney produces no hormones

Answer 17

Erythropoietin

Question 18

Which statement is true

The pituitary produces releasing hormones that trigger hypothalamic trophic hormone release, these in turn stimulate the endocrine target glands.

The hypothalamus produces releasing hormones that trigger anterior lobe pituitary trophic hormone release, these in turn stimulate the endocrine target glands.

The hypothalamus produces releasing hormones that trigger posterior lobe pituitary trophic hormone release, these in turn stimulate the endocrine target glands.

The hypothalamus produces trophic hormones that trigger the anterior lobe pituitary to produce releasing hormones, these in turn stimulate the endocrine target glands.
* A trophic H. is the same as a stimulating H

Answer 18

The hypothalamus produces releasing hormones that trigger anterior lobe pituitary trophic hormone release, these in turn stimulate the endocrine target glands.

Question 19

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is responsible for

Maintaining adequate circulating calcium by enhancing
calcium absorption at the gut, enhancing renal clearance and enhancing osteoblast function.

Maintaining adequate circulating calcium by enhancing
calcium reabsorption at the level of the kidney, enhancing calcium absorption at the gut and inhibiting osteoclast function.

Maintaining adequate circulating calcium by enhancing
calcium reabsorption at the level of the kidney, enhancing calcium absorption at the gut and enhancing osteoclast function.

Maintaining adequate circulating calcium by decreasing calcium reabsorption at the level of the kidney, enhancing calcium absorption at the gut and inhibiting osteoclast function.

Answer 19

Maintaining adequate circulating calcium by enhancing calcium reabsorption at the level of the kidney, enhancing calcium absorption at the gut and enhancing osteoclast function.

Question 20

Which hypothalamic hormones are stored in the posterior pituitary lobe.

ACTH and Oxytocin

ADH and Oxytocin

Prolactin and ADH

Oxytocin and Aldosterone

Answer 20

ADH and Oxytocin

Question 21

The pineal gland secretes a hormone that

Regulates internal body temperature

Regulates blood pressure and sleep

Regulates circadian rhythms only

Regulates circadian rhythms, sleep patterns and has a minor contribution to reproductive patterns/cycles

Answer 21

Regulates circadian rhythms, sleep patterns and has a minor contribution to reproductive patterns/cycles

Question 22

All the hypothalamic hormones have

a) A stimulatory role
b) Communicate with the pituitary in some way
c) Are mainly stimulatory, but some are inhibitory
d) B and C are correct

Answer 22

B and C are correct

Question 23

The hormones are directly associated with stress are

Adrenalin and cortisol

Adrenalin and oxytocin

Cortisol and ADH

insulin and glucagon

Answer 23

Adrenalin and cortisol

Question 24

Androgen manufacture in its entirety occurs in

Male gonads in males and adrenal cortex in females

Male (most) and female gonads (less) and adrenal cortex in females and males

Male gonads in males and adrenal cortex in males only

Male gonads only

Answer 24

Male (most) and female gonads (less) and adrenal cortex in females and males

Question 25

Therapeutic insulin is injected not swallowed because

Insulin would be denatured by HCl and digested by pepsin

Insulin would be digested by lipases

Insulin would be denatured by HCl and digested by pancreatic amylase

Insulin would be emulsified by bile

Answer 25

Insulin would be denatured by HCl and digested by pepsin