ENDOCRINE SYSTEM(LEC) Flashcards
What are the functions of Endocrine system? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
a. metabolism and tissue maturation
b. water balance
c. ion regulation
d. control of reproductive function
e. heart rate and blood pressure reproduction
a, b, c, d, e
Chemical substances secreted by cells into the interstitial fluid and diffuse into the blood.
hormones
The body’s SECOND great controlling system which influences metabolic activities of cells by means of hormones
Endocrine system
Promotes water retention by thee kidneys
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Promotes uterine contractions during pregnancy and causes milk ejection in lactating women.
oxytocin
this maintains homeostasis and controls the secretion of most hormones.
Negative-feedback mechanisms
TRUE OR FALSE
GH secretion INCREASES in response to lo blood glucose, stress, and an increase in certain amino acids.
True
the largest endocrine gland
thyroid gland
hormones essential for the development of the T lymphocytes (T cells) of immune system.
thymus
The _____ and _____ produce both hormones and exocrine products
pancreas and gonads
TRUE OR FALSE
Hormone secretion from an endocrine tissue is regulated by one or more of these three mechanisms:
1. changes in the extracellular concentration of a hormone substances
2. stimulation by the nervous system
3. stimulation by a hormone from another endocrine tissue
FALSE (1. changes in the extracellular concentration of a NON-HORMONE substances)
TRUE OR FALSE
The pituitary gland secretes at least SIX hormones that regulate numerous body functions and other endocrine glands.
FALSE (at least NINE)
stores and secretes two polypeptide hormones ; ADH and oxytocin
posterior pituitary
the two hypothalamic hormones that regulates GH
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and Growth hormone-inhibiting hormone (GHIH)
located in the anterior neck and consists of two lateral lobes connected by a median tissue mass called the ISTHMUS.
thyroid gland
has two tyrosines with three bound iodine atoms (90%)
Triiodothyronine (T₃)
tiny gland embedded in the posterior aspect of the thyroid
parathyroid glands
essential in regulating calcium balance in the blood
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
TRUE OR FALSE
An increase in blood Ca²+ levels stimulates PTH secretion
FALSE(decrease)
what are the two parts of adrenal gland?
Adrenal medulla (inner area) and Adrenal cortex (outer area)
Approximately 80% of the hormones released is EPINEPHRINE (adrenaline) and 20% is NOREPINEPHRINE
Hormones of the Adrenal medulla
synthesizes and releases steroid hormones called CORTICOSTEROIDS
Hormones of the Adrenal cortex
three layers of adrenal cortex
Zona glomerulosa, Zona fasciculata, and Zona reticularis
a triangular gland, which has both exocrine and endocrine cells, located behind the stomach.
pancreas
