Endocrine System , Hormones Flashcards
neural system provides
fast and short lived coordination.
Secretion of endocrine gland
Hormones
Endocrine glands are
ductless , they lack duct
Define hormone
Hormones are non-nutrient chemicals which act as intercellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts.
Endocrine glands in human
Pituitary , pineal , thyroid , para-thyroid , adrenal , pancreas , thymus , testis , ovary.
Location of hypothalamus
Basal part of diencephalon , forebrain.
neurosecretory cells of hypothalamus
Nuclei , it produce hormones.
hormones from hypothalamus regulate
synthesis and secretion of pituitary hormones.
2 types of hormones produced by hypothalamus
releasing hormones ( which stimulate secretion of pituitary hormones ) and the inhibiting hormones ( which inhibit secretion of pituitary gland ).
function of hypothalamic hormone , gonadotropin releasing hormones ( GnRH )
It stimulate the release and synthesis of gonadotrophins.
function of somatostatin of hypothalamus
it inhibits the release of growth hormone from pituitary.
hormones from hypothalamus reach pituitary through
a portal circulatory system
functions of the anterior pituitary are regulated by
hormones of hypothalamus
functions of the posterior pituitary are regulated by
direct neural regulation of hypothalamus
location of pituitary gland
in a bony cavity called Sella tursica and it attached to hypothalamus by a stack.
pituitary gland is divided anatomically into
an adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis.
2 portions of adenohypophysis
pars distalis and pars intermedia
pars distalis is also called
anterior pituitary
hormones of anterior pituitary
- growth hormone (GH)
- prolactin (PRL)
- thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
- adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
- follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
- luteinizing hormone (LH)
pars intermedia secrete
only one hormone called melanocyte stimulating hormone ( MSH)
Neurohypophysis (pars nervosa) also known as
posterior pituitary
posterior pituitary, stores and releases two hormones called
oxytocin and vasopressin
oxytocin and vasopressin are actually synthesized by
the hypothalamus and are transported axon ally to neurohypophysis
