Endocrine System (Hormones)

Question 1

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Answer 1

This hormone is released from the pituitary gland, and targets the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone, cortisol and other sex hormones before puberty.

Question 2

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Answer 2

This hormone is released from the pituitary gland and targets the ovaries and testes. In females, it helps with the development of a follicle into a mature egg. In males, it helps with the production of sperm.

Question 3

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Answer 3

This hormone is released from the pituitary gland and targets the ovaries and testes. In females, it helps with ovulation, the development of the corpus luteum and the secretion of progesterone. In males, it stimulates the interstitial cells to make testerone.

Question 4

Human Growth Hormone (HGH)

Answer 4

This hormone is released from the pituitary gland and it helps with cell division, metabolic breakdown of fats, and muscle/bone growth.

Question 5

Prolactin (PRL)

Answer 5

This hormone is released from the pituitary gland and targets the mammary glands to stimulate the production of breast milk.

Question 6

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Answer 6

This is a hormone that is released from the pituitary gland. It targets the thyroid gland to release more hormones.

Question 7

Anti-Diuretic Hormone (ADH)

Answer 7

This hormone is released from the pituitary gland and it targets the kidneys to help control water balance, it is released during times of dehydration and it leads to increased water absorption from the blood.

Question 8

Oxytocin

Answer 8

This hormone is released from the pituitary gland and targets the uterus/mammary glands in order to stimulate uterine contractions during labour and it also stimulates muscle contractions to release breast milk.

Question 9

Calcitonin

Answer 9

This is a hormone that is released from the thyroid gland. It targets the blood and bones in order to move calcium from the blood to the bones.

Question 10

Thyroxine

Answer 10

This is a hormone that is released from the thyroid gland and targets all cells. It increases cellular respiration and also increases glucose consumption.

Question 11

Parathyroid Hormone

Answer 11

This is a hormone that is released from the parathyroid gland and targets the kidneys, small intestines, and your blood and bones in order to increase blood calcium levels.

Question 12

Aldosterone

Answer 12

This is a hormone that is released from the adrenal cortex and targets the kidneys. It increases Na+ reabsorption back into blood, increases water retention, and increases blood pressure.

Question 13

Cortisol

Answer 13

This is a hormone that is released from the adrenal cortex and targets most cells. It increases cellular respiration and increases conversions of fatty acids and amino acids.

Question 14

Adrenalin (Epinephrine)

Answer 14

This is a hormone that is released from the adrenal medulla and targets most cells it is what prepares the body for fight or flight.

Question 15

Noradrenalin (Norepinephrine)

Answer 15

This is the hormone that is released from the adrenal medulla and targets most cells. It has a similar function to adrenalin but is released during times of stress like a cold or infection.

Question 16

Glucagon

Answer 16

This is a hormone that is released from the pancreas and targets the liver/muscles. It increases conversion of glycogen to glucose and it also increases blood glucose levels.

Question 17

Insulin

Answer 17

This is a hormone that is released from the pancreas and targets all or most cells. It increases permeability of cells to glucose, increases conversion of glucose to glycogen, and decreases blood glucose levels.

Question 18

Estrogen

Answer 18

This is a hormone that is released from the ovaries, specifically the follicle, and targets most cells. It helps with the development of secondary sex characteristics and the development of the endometrium lining (uterine lining). Furthermore, it also sends a positive feedback loop to the pituitary to release LH.

Question 19

Progesterone

Answer 19

This is a hormone that is released from the ovaries, specifically the corpus luteum and targets most cells. It inhibits uterine contractions and ovulation.

Question 20

Testosterone

Answer 20

This is a hormone that is released from the testes and targets most cells. It helps with the development of secondary sex characteristics, and an increased sex drive.