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TEAS Test > Endocrine system - Hormones > Flashcards

Endocrine system - Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Gonadotropin RH (GnRH)

A

Location: hypothalamus
Function: stimulate anterior pituitary gland to release LH (Luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone)

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2
Q

Growth hormone RH (GHRH)

A

Location: Hypothalamus
Function: stimulate anterior pituitary gland to release GH (growth hormone)

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3
Q

Growth hormone Inhibiting Hormone (GHIH) aka Somatostatin

A

Location: hypothalamus
Function: inhibits GH release from the anterior pituitary

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4
Q

Thyrotropin RH (TRH)

A

Location: Hypothalamus
Function: Stimulates anterior pituitary to release thyrotropin (TSH)

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5
Q

Prolactin RH (PRH)

A

Location: Hypothalamus
Function: Stimulates the anterior pituitary to release prolactin

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6
Q

Prolactin IH (PIH) aka Dopamine

A

Location: hypothalamus
Function: Inhibits the anterior pituitary from releasing prolactin

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7
Q

Corticotropin RH (CRH)

A

Location: Hypothalamus
Function: stimulates anterior pituitary to release ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone)

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8
Q

Oxytocin (production)

A

Location: Hypothalamus
Target: uterus
Function: stimulate contractions and mammary glands for milk secretion

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9
Q

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - production

A

Location: Hypothalamus
Target: kidneys and blood vessels
Function: increase water retention

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10
Q

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

Location: anterior lobe of pituitary gland
Target: thyroid
Function: secrete thyroid hormones

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11
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

Location: anterior lobe of pituitary gland
Target: adrenal cortex
Function: stimulates release of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids

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12
Q

Growth hormone (GH)

A

Location: anterior lobe of pituitary gland
Target: muscle and bone
Function: stimulates growth

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13
Q

Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

Location: anterior lobe of pituitary
Target: gonads
Function: stimulates maturation of sperm cells and ovarian follicles

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14
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

Location: anterior lobe of pituitary gland
Target: gonads
Function: signals for production of sex hormones; stimulates ovulation in females

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15
Q

Prolactin (PRL)

A

Location: anterior lobe of pituitary gland
Target: mammary glands
Function: stimulates production of milk

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16
Q

Oxytocin (storage and release)

A

Location: posterior lobe of pituitary
Function: targets the uterus to stimulate contractions; targets the mammary glands to stimulate milk secretion

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17
Q

Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) - storage and release

A

Location: posterior lobe of pituitary
Target: kidneys and blood vessels
Function: increase water retention

18
Q

Melatonin

A

Location: pineal gland
Function: targets the brain – regulates daily rhythm (wake and sleep)

19
Q

Triiodothyronine (T3)

A

Location: thyroid gland
Target: most cells
Function: stimulates cellular metabolism

20
Q

Thyroxine (T4)

A

Location: thyroid gland
Target: most cells
Function: stimulates cellular metabolism

21
Q

Calcitonin

A

Location: thyroid gland
Target: bones and kidneys
Function: lowers blood calcium

22
Q

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

A

Location: Parathyroid gland
Target: bones and kidneys
Function: raises blood calcium

23
Q

Thymosin

A

Location: thymus gland
Target: lymphatic tissues
Function: stimulates the production of T-cells

24
Q

Insulin

A

Location: pancreas, beta cells
Target: liver, muscle, and adipose tissue
Function: lowers blood glucose levels

25
Q

Glucagon

A

Location: pancreas, alpha cells
Target: liver
Function: increases blood glucose

26
Q

Growth Hormone IH (Somatostatin)

A

Location: pancreas
Function: inhibits the secretion of insulin and glucagon

27
Q

Epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

Location: Adrenal medulla
Target: heart, blood vessels, liver, and lungs
Function: increase HR, increase blood sugar (fight or flight response)

28
Q

Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)

A

Location: adrenal cortex
Target: kidneys
Function: increase Na+ retention, increase K+ excretion

29
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

Location: adrenal cortex
Target: most tissues
Function: released in response to long-term stressors, increase blood glucose

30
Q

Androgens

A

Location: adrenal cortex
Target: most tissues
Function: stimulate development of secondary sex characteristics

31
Q

Gastrin

A

Location: GI Tract
Target: stomach
Function: stimulate release of HCl

32
Q

Secretin

A

Location: GI Tract
Target: pancreas, liver
Function: stimulate the release of digestive enzymes and bile

33
Q

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

A

Location: GI Tract
Target: pancreas, liver
Function: stimulates release of digestive enzymes and bile

34
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Location: Kidneys
Target: bone marrow
Function: stimulate production of RBCs

35
Q

Calcitriol

A

Location: kidneys
Target: intestines
Function: increase reabsorption of Ca2+

36
Q

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

A

Location: Heart
Target: kidneys, adrenal cortex –
Function: reduce reabsorption of Na+, lowers blood pressure

37
Q

Leptin

A

Location: adipose tissue
Target: brain
Function: suppresses appetite

38
Q

Estrogen

A

Location: Ovaries, placenta
Targets: uterus, ovaries, mammary glands, brains, and other tissues
Function: stimulate uterine lining growth, regulates menstrual cycle, facilitates development of secondary sex characteristics

39
Q

Progesterone

A

Location: Ovaries, placenta
Target: uterus, mammary glands
Function: stimulate uterine lining growth, regulates menstrual cycle, required for maintenance of pregnancy

40
Q

Inhibin

A

Location: ovaries, placenta, testes
Target: anterior pituitary
Function: inhibits release of FSH

41
Q

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

A

Location: Placenta
Target: ovaries
Function: stimulate production of estrogen and progesterone

42
Q

Testosterone

A

Location: testes
Target: testes, other tissues
Function: promotes spermatogenesis, secondary sex characteristics

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