Endocrine System Facts Flashcards
Where does the endocrine gland secrete its hormones?
Directly to the bloodstream.
Where does the exocrine gland secrete its hormones?
Into ducts or tubes that empty outside the body or into the lumen or opening of other organs.
Where is the thyroid located and what is its role?
Located in the lower portion of the anterior neck and its major role is metabolism and growth and development.
What are the hormones of the thyroid gland?
Thyroid hormone (Thyroxine or T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3). Both of these hormones increase the bodies rate of metabolism. Calcitonin is also a hormone of the thyroid gland and it plays a role in regulating the serum calcium level.
How many lobes does the thyroid gland consist of?
Consists of two lobes, one on each side of the trachea and they are connected by the isthmus.
What is exophthalmos?
Bulging of the eyes cause by hyperthyroidism.
Describe the adrenal glands.
Contain 2 parts:
Cortex- secretes steroid hormones (mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids), androgens, and estrogens
Medulla- secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.
What is aldosterone?
Most important mineralocorticoid.
Regulated Na and K.
Keeps blood volume balanced.
What is cortisol?
Most important glucocorticoid.
Anti-inflammatory.
Immune response.
Controls emotional state.
What is ACTH?
Adrenal corticoidtropic hormone.
Sent to adrenals by pituitary.
Stimulates production of hormones.
