Endocrine System

Question 1

Master gland

Answer 1

anterior pituitary

Question 2

anterior pituitary hormones

Answer 2

FLAG PT

FSH
LH
ACTH
GH
PRL
TSH

Question 3

GH hormone imbalance in adults

Answer 3

acromegaly

Question 4

GH hormone imbalance in children

Answer 4

gigantism

Question 5

posterior pituitary hormones

Answer 5

oxytocin, ADH (antidiuretic)

Question 6

thyroid gland hormones

Answer 6

TH, Thyroxine (T4), Triiodothyronine (T3), Calcitonin

Question 7

Parathyroid gland hormones

Answer 7

PTH- parathyroid hormone

Question 8

adrenal cortex hormones

Answer 8

mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, gonacorticoids

Question 9

ADH hormone imbalance

Answer 9

Diabetes Insipidus

Question 10

Hirsutism

Answer 10

gonadocorticoid hormone imbalance

Question 11

pancreas hormones

Answer 11

insulin (B cells) and glucagon (a cells)

Question 12

insulin

Answer 12

decreases blood sugar

Question 13

glucagon

Answer 13

increases glucose

Question 14

insulin hormone imbalance

Answer 14

hypo- diabetes mellitus

hyper- hypoglycemia

Question 15

gonad hormones

Answer 15

testosterone -male

estrogen and progesterone- female

Question 16

thymus hormones

Answer 16

thymosin, thymulin, thymopoietins

Question 17

pineal gland hormones

Answer 17

melatonin

Question 18

what organ secretes the hormone ANP and what is the function

Answer 18

the heart contains endocrine cells that secrete atrial (ANP)

main function is to lower blood pressure and to control electrolyte homeostasis

Question 19

Oxytocin

Answer 19

important for labor contractions in the uterus and ejection of milk from the mammary glands.

Question 20

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer 20

important for water conservation and preventing dehydration.

Question 21

adenohypophysis

Answer 21

The anterior pituitary gland is also known as

Question 22

WATER-SOLUBLE HORMONES

Answer 22

antidiuretic hormone, oxytocin, growth hormone, insulin.

epinephrine, norepinephirne, thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3)

Question 23

LIPID-SOLUBLE HORMONES

Answer 23

testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, aldosterone, cortisol, calcitriol.

Question 24

HUMORAL STIMULI

Answer 24

The parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone in response to a decrease in blood calcium concentration.

The pancreas secretes insulin in response to elevated blood glucose.

Question 25

NEURAL STIMULI

Answer 25

Physical or emotional stress activates the sympathetic nervous system, causing it to send nerve impulses to the adrenal gland’s medulla, stimulating the release of epinephrine (80%) and norepinephrine (20%).

Nerve impulses from the hypothalamus stimulate the release of oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (neurohypophysis).

Question 26

HORMNAL STIMULI

Answer 26

Thyrotorpin Releasing Hormone is released from the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland (adenohypophysis). TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). As the blood concentration of T4 and T3 increases, secretion of TSH is inhibited. This is an example of a negative feedback loop.