Endocrine System

Question 1

Amino Acid Derivative Hormone

Answer 1

One of Three Classes: synthesized from an amino acid molecule (e.g. epinephrine)

Question 2

Peptide and Protein hormonoes

Answer 2

One of Three Classes:
Short and long chain of amino acids respectively
(e.g. growth hormones)

Question 3

Steroid Hormodes

Answer 3

One of Three Classes:
Synthesized from Cholesterol
(e.g. Androgens, Estrogens, Progestins)

Question 4

Hormoe Release Regluated by:

Answer 4

1) Signals from hormones
2) Signals from non-hormonal chemicals (e.g. glucose increases insulin)
3) Signals from Nervous System
(e. g. from hypothalamus)

Question 5

Estradiol

Answer 5

steroid and estrogen sex hormone. important in regulation of estrous and menstruation, female reproductive tissue, bone

Question 6

Gonads

Answer 6

reproductive gland including testes and ovaries stimulated by gonadotropins produced by Pituitary gland

Question 7

Hyphothalamus

Answer 7

portion of brain that links encocrine system with nervous system via pituitary gland
Limbic system, Diencephalon

Question 8

Pancreas

Answer 8

part of digestive and endocrine system, located behind stomach. produces digestive enzymes as well as insulin and other hormones

Question 9

Parathyroid Gland

Answer 9

small glands in neck (usually four) that produce parathyroid hormone important in regulating calcium in blood and bones

Question 10

Adrenal Gland

Answer 10

found above the kidneys, produce hormones Adrenaline and Cortisol

Question 11

Androgen

Answer 11

any natural or synthetic compound, usually a steroid that stimulates or controls development and maintenance of male characteristics

Question 12

Estrogen

Answer 12

any natural or synthetic compound responsible for regulation of female repro. system and secondary sex characteristics

Question 13

Pituitary gland

Answer 13

gland about the size of a pea that protrudes off the hypothalamus
help control: growth, blood pressure, certain functions of the sex organs, thyroid glands and metabolism as well as some aspects of pregnancy, childbirth, nursing, water/salt concentration and the kidneys, temperature regulation and pain relief.

Question 14

Progesterone

Answer 14

steroid and progesten sex hormone involved in pregnancy, menstruation, embryogenesis. also crucial to production of other steroids including sex hormones and corticosteroids, and important to brain function

Question 15

Progestins

Answer 15

Synthetic progestogens commonly used in birth control, endometrial hyperplasia, chemical castration

Question 16

Steroid Hormones

Answer 16

A steroid hormone is a steroid that acts as a hormone. Steroid hormones can be grouped into 2 classes, corticosteroids (typically made in the adrenal cortex, hence cortico-) and sex steroids (typically made in the gonads or placenta)
Steroid hormones help control metabolism, inflammation, immune functions, salt and water balance, development of sexual characteristics, and the ability to withstand illness and injury.

Question 17

Testis

Answer 17

glands that produce spermatozoa and androgens

Question 18

Testosterone

Answer 18

steroid hormone secreted by testes and and ovaries as well as adrenal glands. principle male sex hormone responsible for reproductive system growth and secondsary sex characteristics such as muscle mass and body hair

Question 19

Thymus Gland

Answer 19

Primary Lymphoid organ located around heart and sternum, critical to the immune system. Produces T cells

Question 20

Thyroid Gland

Answer 20

One of largest encocrine glands, located in the neck. control rate of energy use, protein synthesis and body’s sensitivity to other hormones. Produces Thyroid hormones