Endocrine System Flashcards
What is a hormone
A chemical substence produced by an endocrine gland & is transported in the blood
What do adrenal gland produce and when produced
Adrenaline
When you feel scared or angry
Pancreas?
Insulin and glucagon
What does insulin do
Lowers blood glucose concentration
What does glucagon do?
Increases blood glucose concentration
Testes?
Testosterone in males
Ovaries
Oestragon and progesterone to control menstrual cycles
How does the body react to adrenaline
- Air passages widen: increse the vol of oxygen uptake
- increase breathing rate to increase oxygen uptake: excrete CD faster
- Arterioles in the brain and muscle dilate- more glucose and oxygen for resperiation
- Arterioles in gut and organs constrict- blood only to muscles
- widening of pupils
What is homeostasis
Is the maintenance of constant internal body conditions in the body, so enzymes control metabolism efficiently
Normal human temp
36.5-37.5
What do sweat gland produce and why
Produce sweat to promote heat loss, cooling of the body and return to the initial temp
When feel cold , how does the body warm ypu up
Brain stimulates the production of heat in muscles by shivering
Decreases the production of sweat
What is negative feedback
and for what used
If a change occurs- the body will react to by doing something that opposes the change
Makes sure that the actual temp is as close to the initial pre-set temp
What happens when sugar levels increase
Pancreas secrete beta cells to create insulin which travels to the liver in bloodstream and turns glucose to glycogen
Decrease in sugar level
When sugar levels decrease
Pancreas( alpha cells) secrete glucagon then transported to liver and breams down glycogen to glucose
Example of negative feedback
Makes insulin to stimulate a decrease in blood glucose
Makes glucagon to stimulate a increase in blood glucose
What happens if u suffer from Type 1 diabetes
Body attacks its own insulin producimg cells, meaning blood sugar cannot be controlled
From what is insulin injection made
By bacteria using genetic enginnering tech
What happens when it is hot?
Hair erector muscle RELAX- hairs flat
More heat lost as convection currents flow to the surface of skin
When it is cold?
Hair erector muscle CONTRACT
Hairs stand erect to trap a thick layer of air
What is vasdilation?
Capillaries near the surface DILATE- + blood flows closest to surface
Allows more heat to radiate from the body
What is vasoconstriction?
Reduces dilation closest to the surface
Reduces insulation
